Template:R/doc

From The Goon Show Depository

Intent

The {{r}} (referencing) template allows to define and invoke any kind of full or shortened references (citations as well as footnotes) in articles in a very intuitive way utilizing an easy-to-remember and very short notation reducing a lot of clutter from article source code, thereby making them easier to read and maintain.

{{r}} provides means for links to references to carry additional information (like pages, quotations and other commentary) in a condensed format, thereby eliminating the need for an additional article section for shortened references (and hence avoiding the problems related to that approach like the extra layer of indirection of links, the real-estate occupied for, as well as the amount of whitespace created by that section, and the often unreliable proprietary linking system with ambiguous or dangling links as well as lacking backlinks from the full citations to the shortened references). Its annotation system can be used to enrich the full citation with information given where a reference gets invoked, to bundle multiple citations into one entry, or to group sub-references under the corresponding full reference (i.e. to implement r-style shortened citations).

By utilizing the MediaWiki Extension:Cite internally (instead of establishing an independent linking system (i.e. WP:CITEREF) on top of it), {{r}} also remains fully compatible with other referencing systems and will take advantage of any future improvements of the underlying system.

It can be used with raw text definitions for the references as well as be combined with other citation templates (like CS1/CS2).

Overview

In its basic format the template provides a compact shorthand for <ref name="RefName" /> citation tags, simplifying syntax so cutting code clutter.

It can also be used to define inline and/or list-defined references (LDR), including nested footnotes inside other footnotes (up to five levels deep). Citations can be provided as raw text citations or through other citation templates (such as the suite of CS1/CS2 citation templates).

Optionally, it allows to provide and display individual page numbers (or other in-source location information) and quotations (including language information and translations) from the source alongside the invocations of a reference (that is, the link to the reference). If the page numbers given are too unspecific for the quotation, an extra page number can optionally be given for the quotation only. The page number will be shown as superscript immediately following the reference link, the other related information is available as tooltip when hovering over that superscript. Plural page parameters have special support for lists and ranges, automatically converting hyphens to endashes—the accept-this-as-written markup to override the automatic conversion is supported as well.

The template allows the definition of reference annotation, which will be collected and appended to the end of the full citation defined earlier. This can be used to accumulate extra notes (including page numbers and quotes from the invocations), allows for citations defined at different locations to be bundled and residing under a single entry, or to group sub-references under the corresponding full reference.

The template parameters can take raw text information, but are also compatible with simple MediaWiki and HTML markup allowing for the usage of links and templates in template parameters. Such markup would be automatically stripped off for tooltip display, but passed on for other purposes (annotation system).

Custom link anchors can be enabled for the reference links as well as for reference definitions and various annotation, thereby allowing to smoothly blend in with other citation systems used on the same page, or to create sophisticated linking schemes with links to individual pieces of contents and backlinks to reference links (i.e. acting as shortened references).

The template allows to define and show a context section in the article prose to indicate which specific statements in the article are supported by the reference, if this isn't already obvious from where the reference link is positioned. The section can be divided into multiple pieces and can overlap with other sections defined for other references.

Missing page numbers can be indicated similar to {{Page needed}}.

For as long as the tooltip feature isn't occupied by the template to display quotations, the template will provide a tooltip by itself explaining the truncated page / location information attached to the link.

The template is compatible with the parameter names of most other citation templates, and it works for normal citations just as well as for any kinds of groups (i.e. for footnotes, including the predefined ones).

Bidirectional support (left-to-right, right-to-left) for citations is available if the corresponding CSS definitions are activated.

The template optimizes the visual kerning in the superscript and has configurable support for line wrapping after or within superscripts (with corresponding CSS).

The template is compatible with editing features such as the pipe trick and template substituting.

(The present implementation supports multiple citations, but this functionality may be moved to a wrapper like {{rr}} in the future in order to introduce a further simplified and more powerful calling convention to the core template {{r}}. For maximum future-compatibility, use {{rr}} when using enumerated parameters (to support multiple citations in one call) or use unnamed parameters.)

For example:

Using <ref> For example, fact<ref name=Bal/><ref name=Bam/><ref name=Bar/> and fact.<ref name=Bas/><ref name=Bay/><ref name=Baz/>

Displays as: For example, fact[1][2][3] and fact.[4][5][6]

Instead using {{r}} For example, fact{{r|Bal|Bam|Bar}} and fact.{{r|Bas|Bay|Baz}}

Displays as: For example, fact[1][2][3] and fact.[4][5][6]

{{r}} and <ref> can coexist on the same page, and like <ref>, {{r}} can be used with or without list-defined references. In addition, a |page= or |p= parameter adds the functionality of {{rp}}:

Using {{r}} with
|p= parameter
For example, fact.{{r|RefName|p=22}}

Displays as: For example, fact.[7]: 22 

Usage

In-source-location parameters

The in-source-location of a source can be specified with either |page=/|p= (for a single page), with |pages=/|pp= (for plural pages), or with |location=/|loc=/|at= for other in-source-locations.

The specified page number(s) can be a single page number (287), a list of several pages (xii, 287, 292, 418) or a range of pages (287–288) or any combination thereof. Do not add "Page", "pp.", etc.—just the numbers.

Other in-source-location information can also be used for non-numeric pages, for example: "f. 29", "A7", and "back cover", etc., and can also be used for non-paginated sources, e.g., "0:35:12" for a video source.

Choose one of the template parameters above according to the type of page or in-source-location specified.

While typically only one of these three types of parameters is given, it is also possible to combine them to suit more special use cases. If both, singular and plural page parameters are given at the same time, the plural page info is assumed to be the span of the article, whereas the singular page info is considered to be the page within that span supporting the statement. The template will indicate this by framing the singular page in square brackets following the plural page info. If an in-source-location is given in addition to the page info, the template assumes it to further detail the preceding page info rather than representing some kind of stand-alone in-source location info.

Do not attempt to use multiple aliases of a parameter at the same time. Only one will be chosen and the others may be ignored without error message.

Inline invocation

Usage Display Notes
{{r|RefName}} Text.[7] Equivalent to <ref name="RefName" />.
{{r|RefName|p=100}}

{{r|RefName|page=100}}

{{r|RefName|page=[[Hundred|100]]}}

{{r|RefName|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=S3JHAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA15 15]}}

{{r|RefName|pp=100, 102}}

{{r|RefName|pages=100, 102}}

Text.[7]: 100 

Text.[7]: 100 

Text.[7]: 100

Text.[7]: 15

Text.[7]: 100, 102 

Text.[7]: 100, 102 

Adds a page number (or other location identifier) within the source.

Use |p= or |page= for singular pages, |pp= or |pages= for plural pages, and |at= or |loc= for other in-source-locations.

If the article cites only one location in a given source, reduce clutter by coding simply {{r|RefName}} and integrating the location into the main RefName citation.

{{r|RefName|pages=10–14}} (endash)

{{r|RefName|pages=10-14}} (hyphen)

{{r|RefName|pages=2-14–2-16}} (hyphens and endash)

{{r|RefName|pages=2-14-2-16}} (hyphens)

{{r|RefName|pages=((2-14)), ((2-16))}} (hyphens)

{{r|RefName|pp=3, 6}}

{{r|RefName|at=§C}}

{{r|RefName|at=Dust jacket}}

{{r|RefName|at=para. 7}}

Text.[7]: 10–14 

Text.[7]: 10–14 

Text.[7]: 2-14–2-16 

Text.[7]: 2-14–2-16 

Text.[7]: 2-14, 2-16 

Text.[7]: 3, 6 

Text.[7]: §C 

Text.[7]: Dust jacket 

Text.[7]: para. 7 

{{r|RefName|Bam|Bar}} Text.[7][2][3] Equivalent to {{r|RefName}}{{r|Bam}}{{r|Bar}} or <ref name=RefName/><ref name=Bam/><ref name=Bar/>.

Up to nine references may be "bundled" this way.

{{r|1=RefName|2=Bam|3=Bar|4=Bas|p1=100|pp2=10–14|at4=§C}}

{{r|1=RefName|p1=100|2=Bam|pp2=10–14|3=Bar|4=Bas|at4=§C}}

{{r|n1=RefName|p1=100|n2=Bam|pp2=10–14|n3=Bar|n4=Bas|at4=§C}}

{{r |name1=RefName |page1=100 |name2=Bam |pages2=10–14 |name3=Bar |name4=Bas |at4=§C}}

Text.[7]: 100 [2]: 10–14 [3][4]: §C  Equivalent to {{r|RefName|p=100}}{{r|Bam|pp=10–14}}{{r|Bar}}{{r|Bas|at=§C}}.

In the example, not all references have pages; make sure that e.g. |1= matches |p1=

{{r|group=Notes|NtName}}

{{r|grp=Notes|NtName|NtCam}}

{{r|g=Notes|NtName|p=13}}

Text.[Notes 1]

Text.[Notes 1][Notes 2]

Text.[Notes 1]: 13 

The |group=, |grp=, and |g= parameters are equivalent and echo <ref group=Notes name=NtName/>.

If present, the parameter applies to all references in the template.

{{r|RefName|p=100|q=quote from the text}}

{{r|RefName|p=100|quote=quote from the text}}

{{r|RefName|p=100|quote-page=100|quote=quote from the text}}

{{r|RefName|p=100|quote-page=p|quote=quote from the text}}

Text.[7]: 100 Makes sense only if |p= (or one of its synonyms) is present. |quote= (or |q=) underlines the superscript page number/​location identifier, signaling availability of a quote from the source, which pops up when the mouse is hovered over the dashed underlined bit. |quote-page= or |quote-pages= can be used to optionally specify a specific page or number of pages for the quote only. If this number is the same as what's defined through |p= or |pp=, the special symbolic tokens "p" and "pp" can be used instead of an actual page number. Curved quotes are disfavored by MOS:STRAIGHT.
{{r|1=RefName|2=Bam|3=Bar|4=Bas|p1=100|pp2=10–14|at4=§C|q1=Quote from 100|q4=Quote from §C}}

{{r|n1=RefName|n2=Bam|n3=Bar|n4=Bas|p1=100|pp2=10–14|at4=§C|q1=Quote from 100|q4=Quote from §C}}

Text.[7]: 100[2]: 10–14 [3][4]: §C In the example, not all references have quotes; make sure that e.g. |1= and |p1= and |q1= all match.
{{r |n=RefName2 |p=201 |r=Harold Smith (1989). ''Proper Referencing''. Atlanta Press. p. 105, 201.}}

{{r |n=RefName3 |r={{cite book |author-first=Harold |author-last=Smith |date=2020 |edition=2nd |title=Proper Referencing |publisher=Atlanta Press |pages=321, 356}} }}

More[8]: 201 [9]: 321  good[9]: 356  prose.[Notes 3] Examples of inline definitions and nested footnotes.
{{r |n=RefName4 |r=Citation A.}}

{{r |n=RefName4 |a=Citation B.}}

{{r |n=RefName5 |r=Citation C.}}

{{r |n=RefName5 |p=102 |a=Note for page 102.}}

{{r |n=RefName5 |p=342 |a=Note for page 342.}}

{{r |n=RefName5 |p=346 |qp=p |q=Quote from page 346 |a=q}}

Two[10] citations[10] bundled into one entry, or one citation[11] with accumulated[11]: 102  commentary[11]: 342 [11]: 346 from shortened references. Examples of annotation. If the annotation should be the page number defined through |p= or what would be shown as quote in the tooltip, the special symbolic tokens "p" and "q" can be used with |annotation= in order to avoid having to repeat this contents.
{{r |n=RefName6 |r=Citation D. |s=Context6}}

{{r |n=RefName6 |p=10 |q=Quote D |a=q |s=Context6}}

Context sections of the article supported by the reference can be defined through {{section}} (or other means, see: LST). The three parts of section "Context6" in this example[12] are shown underlined for illustration purposes.[12]: 10 {{R}} will display its "context" as "dotted underline" tooltip (to be distinguished from the "dashed underline" tooltip further up) when hovering the mouse over the reference link. Multiple sections of the same name will be shown merged (without separator, hence include some delimiter like space into the sections). Note the special syntax used to define sections (with empty |begin= and |end= attributes). Keep the size of the selected sections reasonably short and do not forget to define the end of a section. When no name was specified, names are build following this scheme for context sections: "cite_sect-group-name-pagelocation" (where group, name, page (either page or pages) and location refer to the corresponding template parameters and can be empty if omitted).

References section

The ref names may be defined within a {{reflist}} (as illustrated below) or (in the more usual way) scattered throughout the article text using e.g. <ref name="RefName">Reference text</ref> or {{refn|name= Error: The retired template {{Template:R/doc}} has been transcluded; see mw:Help:Magic words#Other for details. To fix this, use only the code {{=}} to generate the = character.RefName|Reference text}}.

===References===
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name="RefName">Reference text.</ref>
<ref name="Bam">Bam reference text.</ref>
<ref name="Bar">Bar reference text.</ref>
<ref name="Bas">Bas reference text.</ref>
<ref name="Bay">Bay reference text.</ref>
<ref name="Baz">Baz reference text.</ref>
}}

===Notes===
{{reflist|group="Notes"|refs=
<ref name="NtName">Note text.</ref>
<ref name="NtCam">Cam note text.</ref>
}}

Resulting in:

References
  1. ^ a b Bal reference text.
  2. ^ a b c d e Bam reference text.
  3. ^ a b c d e Bar reference text.
  4. ^ a b c d Bas reference text.
  5. ^ a b Bay reference text.
  6. ^ a b Baz reference text.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Reference text.
  8. ^ a b Harold Smith (1989). Proper Referencing. Atlanta Press. pp. 105, 201.
  9. ^ a b Smith, Harold (2020). Proper Referencing (2nd ed.). Atlanta Press. pp. 321, 356.
  10. ^ a b Citation A. Citation B.
  11. ^ a b c d Citation C. Note for page 102. Note for page 342. ‌346: Quote from page 346
  12. ^ a b Citation D. ‌Quote D
Notes
  1. ^ a b c Note text.
  2. ^ Cam note text.
  3. ^ This example shows how to nest footnotes.[8]: 105 

Alternatively, the references can be defined through {{r}} itself:[1][2][3][4][5][6][NB 1][NB 2]

===References===
{{reflist|refs=
{{r|RefName|r=Reference text.}}
{{r|Bam|r=Bam reference text.}}
{{r|Bar|r=Bar reference text.}}
{{r|Bas|r=Bas reference text.}}
{{r|Bay|r=Bay reference text.}}
{{r|Baz|r=Baz reference text.}}
}}

===Notes===
{{reflist|group="NB"|refs=
{{r|g=NB|NtName|r=Note text.}}
{{r|g=NB|NtCam|r=Cam note text.}}
}}

Resulting in:

References
  1. ^ Reference text.
  2. ^ Bam reference text.
  3. ^ Bar reference text.
  4. ^ Bas reference text.
  5. ^ Bay reference text.
  6. ^ Baz reference text.
Notes
  1. ^ Note text.
  2. ^ Cam note text.

R-style shortened references

The {{r}}-style annotation system can be used to create sub-references (as shortened citations) with back- or crosslinks grouped under their corresponding full citation. There are many possible variants, some illustrated below:

Example 1 (with backlinks and automatic numbering of sub-references, here also with nested citations):

Lorem ipsum{{r|n=C1|r=Citation 1}} dolor sit amet,{{r|n=C1|p=23|a=#[[#L1|^]] p. 23: Quotation from page 23. |link-id=L1}} consectetur adipisici elit,{{r|n=C2|r=Citation 2|p=92}} sed eiusmod tempor incidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.{{r|n=C1|pp=56, 59|a=#[[#L2|^]] pp. 56, 59: Commentary on page 56 from review.{{r|n=C2|p=70}}|link-id=L2}}{{r|n=C3|r=Citation 3}}

===References===
{{reflist}}

Resulting in:

Lorem ipsum[1] dolor sit amet,[1]: 23  consectetur adipisici elit,[2]: 92  sed eiusmod tempor incidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.[1]: 56, 59 [3]

References
  1. ^ a b c Citation 1
    1. ^ p. 23: Quotation from page 23.
    2. ^ pp. 56, 59: Commentary on page 56 from review.[2]: 70 
  2. ^ a b Citation 2
  3. ^ Citation 3

Example 2 (with crosslinks, here also with nested citations):

Lorem ipsum{{r|n=C1|r=Citation 1}} dolor sit amet,{{r|n=C1|p=[[#P1|23]]|a=<br/>[[#L1B|^]] p. 23: Quotation from page 23.|id=P1|link-id=L1B}} consectetur adipisici elit,{{r|n=C2|r=Citation 2|p=92}} sed eiusmod tempor incidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.{{r|n=C1|pp=[[#P2|56]], 59|a=<br/>[[#L2B|^]] pp. 56, 59: Commentary on page 56 from review.{{r|n=C2|p=70}}|id=P2|link-id=L2B}}{{r|n=C3|r=Citation 3}}

===References===
{{reflist}}

Lorem ipsum[1] dolor sit amet,[1]: 23 consectetur adipisici elit,[2]: 92  sed eiusmod tempor incidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.[1]: 56, 59 [3]

References
  1. ^ a b c Citation 1
    ^ p. 23: Quotation from page 23.

    ^ pp. 56, 59: Commentary on page 56 from review.[2]: 70 
  2. ^ a b Citation 2
  3. ^ Citation 3

Example 3 (with crosslinks and locally embedded inline quotations for tooltips, here also with nested citations):

Lorem ipsum{{r|n=C1|r=Citation 1}} dolor sit amet,{{r|n=C1|p=[[#P1C|23]]|qp=p|q=Quotation from page 23.|a=q|leadin=<br/>[[#L1C|^]] p. |id=P1C|link-id=L1C}} consectetur adipisici elit,{{r|n=C2|r=Citation 2|p=92}} sed eiusmod tempor incidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.{{r|n=C1|pp=[[#P2C|56]], 59|qpp=pp|q=Commentary on page 56 from review.{{r|n=C2|p=70}}|a=q|leadin=<br/>[[#L2C|^]] pp. |id=P2C|link-id=L2C}}{{r|n=C3|r=Citation 3}}

===References===
{{reflist}}

Lorem ipsum[1] dolor sit amet,[1]: 23 consectetur adipisici elit,[2]: 92  sed eiusmod tempor incidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.[1]: 56, 59[3]

References
  1. ^ a b c Citation 1 ‌
    ^ p. 23: Quotation from page 23.
    ^ pp. 56, 59: Commentary on page 56 from review.[2]: 70 
  2. ^ a b Citation 2
  3. ^ Citation 3

Spacing

Where multiple citations occur in series, {{r}} prevents line breaks between the citations. In this case, |wrap=yes can be used to allow a line break. Alternatively, if line breaks should be allowed also inside a long page / location information, |wrap=forced can be used instead (however, if this actually results in line breaks also depends on the browser, CSS and the skin selected).

Hyphens

Per MOS:DASH, page ranges should normally be declared with an ndash ({{r|name=RefName|pages=27&ndash;29}}[1]: 27–29 ) rather than a hyphen. Tools like WP:AWB will automatically convert hyphens to dashes in such instances. For the plural page parameters |pages=, |pp= and |quote-pages= and aliases, {{r}} will automatically translate hyphens into ndashes for display purposes. (This does not apply to the singular and other in-source-location parameters |page=, |p=, |at=, |loc=, |quote-page= and aliases.) If the hyphen is actually desired for whatever reason, the "accept-this-as-written-markup" (which is also supported by {{rp}} and {{ran}}, the family of {{sfn}}- and {{harv}}-style templates, and all CS1/CS2 citation templates) can be used to indicate this ({{r|name=RefName|pages=((27-29)), 41}}[1]: 27-29, 41 ).

Known issues

Editing features

Because of a technical limitation, some of the standard Wikipedia markup elements that are often used in the article prose do not work within a set of <ref>...</ref> tags, including but not limited to the pipe trick, template substitution and another "nested" set of <ref>...</ref> tags. For example, the following does not work as expected:

  1. <ref>[[Help:Footnotes]]</ref> (Generates: [[Help:Footnotes]]> instead of a wikilink)
  2. <ref>{{SUBST:TODAY}}</ref> (Generates: {{SUBST:TODAY}} instead of the date that the edit was made)
  3. <ref>Explanatory footnote<ref>Citation</ref></ref> (Generates: Cite error: A <ref> tag is missing the closing </ref> (see the help page). </ref>)

Replacing the outermost <ref>...</ref> set with {{r|r= Error: The retired template {{Template:R/doc}} has been transcluded; see mw:Help:Magic words#Other for details. To fix this, use only the code {{=}} to generate the = character....}} (or {{r|a= Error: The retired template {{Template:R/doc}} has been transcluded; see mw:Help:Magic words#Other for details. To fix this, use only the code {{=}} to generate the = character....}} allows for the use of the markup elements listed above.

Incompatibilities

Issues in this template make it incompatible with the {{excerpt}} template. {{r}} should not be used in sections that will be transcluded by {{excerpt}}.

TemplateData

This is the TemplateData for this template used by TemplateWizard, VisualEditor and other tools. See a monthly parameter usage report for Template:R in articles based on its TemplateData.

TemplateData for R

Provides a simple wrapper for up to nine consecutive <ref name=RefName/> citation tags that minimizes visual impact on the text which, along with the simpler syntax, increases code readability and ease of editing.

Template parameters

This template prefers inline formatting of parameters.

ParameterDescriptionTypeStatus
Reference groupgroup grp g

The reference group of all the references displayed; see WP:REFGROUP for help.

Default
Defaults to not being in a group.
Stringsuggested
Reference name 1name n name1 n1 1

If this is "RefName", the template displays <ref name="RefName"/>.

Stringrequired
Page number: reference 1page p page1 p1 1p

Adds a page number within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead, so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if singular page is given.

Example
"2"
Contentsuggested
Pages numbers: reference 1pages pp pages1 pp1 1pp

Adds page numbers within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead, so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if plural pages are given.

Example
"34–38"
Contentsuggested
In-source location: reference 1location location1 loc loc1 1loc at at1

Adds other location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead, so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location information different from singular or plural page info is given.

Example
"inside cover"
Contentsuggested
Page needed: Reason 1needed-reason needed reason needed-reason1 needed1

Only required if page/location info is missing.

Default
Defaults to no page/location info missing.
Example
Actual reason, yes, y
Stringoptional
Quote: reference 1quote q quote1 q1

A quote from the source. Appears when hovering over the page number, so the page number must be specified.

Stringsuggested
Quote page: reference 1quote-page qp quote-page1 qp1

A quote page from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page number. Special token p to use page1. Choose parameter only if singular page is given.

Contentoptional
Quote pages: reference 1quote-pages qpp quote-pages1 qpp1

A quote pages from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page numbers. Special token pp to use pages1. Choose parameter only if plural pages are given.

Contentoptional
Quote in-source location: reference 1quote-location quote-location1 quote-loc quote-loc1 quote-at quote-at1

Adds other quote location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead, so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location information different from singular or plural quote page info is given.

Example
"inside cover"
Contentsuggested
Quote language: reference 1language language1 lang lang1 l l1 quote-language quote-lang ql quote-language1 quote-lang1 ql1

A language code or name defining the language of the quote (if not English).

Contentoptional
Quote translation: reference 1translation translation1 trans trans1 t t1 trans-quote trans-quote1 tq tq1 xlat xlat1

An optional English translation of a non-English quote.

Stringoptional
Reference definition 1reference r references notes note content text refn refs reference1 refn1 r1

Adds the definition of a citation. This can be used inline or in list-defined reference sections. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested.

Example
Harold Smith (2020). ''Proper Referencing''. Atlanta Press. p. 201.
Stringsuggested
Reference annotation 1annotation annot a annotation1 annot1 a1

Adds extra text to the end of a reference defined elsewhere, including backlinks to the reference invocation. Can be used to collect various commentary to be displayed with the citation. Can also be used to define another citation if multiple citations should reside under the same entry. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested. Special token p to use page1 and q to use quote1.

Example
Note 1
Stringoptional
Direction: Reference 1direction dir direction1 dir1

Override default left-to-right or right-to-left behaviour. (Requires special CSS support for classes mw-cite-dir-rtl and mw-cite-dir-ltr.)

Example
ltr, rtl
Contentoptional
Section: Reference 1section sec s section1 sec1 s1

Shows a tooltip indicating corresponding context section in an article, if defined. Multiple sections of the same name and overlapping sections are allowed.

Default
If yes is given, the section name is derived from the given group, name and page info automatically.
Example
ContextSection1, yes, y
Stringoptional
Content anchor: reference 1id id1 ref ref1 1ref

Optional anchor name of a reference or annotation (including page numbers or quotes) in order to link to it. This is used for the id attribute of the corresponding span framing the content object and must be unique on the page.

Example
CITEREFSmith2020
Stringoptional
Link anchor: reference 1link-id link-id1

Optional link anchor name of a reference link in order to (back)link to the reference link. This is used for the id attribute of the link span and must be unique on the page.

Example
Smith2020Page12
Stringoptional
Quote origin: reference 1quote-cite qc quote-cite1 qc1

Anchor name (only the URL fragment) of a reference the quote belongs to, if defined on the same page. This is used for the cite attribute of the quote and establishes a semantic connection to its source.

Example
CITEREFSmith2020
Stringoptional
Reference name 2name2 n2 2

If this is "RefName", the template displays <ref name="RefName"/>.

Stringoptional
Page number: reference 2page2 p2 2p

Adds a page number within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if singular page info is given.

Example
"2"
Contentoptional
Pages numbers: reference 2pages2 pp2 2pp

Adds page numbers within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if plural page info is given.

Example
"34–38"
Contentoptional
In-source-location: reference 2location2 loc2 2loc at2

Adds other location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location info is given.

Example
"inside cover"
Contentoptional
Page needed: Reason 2needed-reason2 needed2

Only required if page/location info is missing.

Default
Defaults to no page/location info missing.
Example
Actual reason, yes, y
Stringoptional
Quote: reference 2quote2 q2

A quote from the source. Appears when hovering over the page number, so the page number must be specified.

Stringoptional
Quote page: reference 2quote-page2 qp2

A quote page from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page number. Special token p to use page2. Choose parameter only if singular page is given.

Contentoptional
Quote pages: reference 2quote-pages2 qpp2

A quote pages from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page numbers. Special token pp to use pages2. Choose parameter only if plural pages are given.

Contentoptional
Quote in-source location: reference 2quote-location2 quote-loc2 quote-at2

Adds other quote location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead, so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location information different from singular or plural quote page info is given.

Example
"inside cover"
Contentsuggested
Quote language: reference 2language2 lang2 l2 quote-language2 quote-lang2 ql2

A language code or name defining the language of the quote (if not English).

Contentoptional
Quote translation: reference 2translation2 trans2 t2 trans-quote2 tq2 xlat2

An optional English translation of a non-English quote.

Stringoptional
Reference definition 2reference2 refn2 r2

Adds the definition of a citation. This can be used inline or in list-defined reference sections. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested.

Example
Harold Smith (2020). ''Proper Referencing''. Atlanta Press. p. 201.
Stringoptional
Reference annotation 2annotation2 annot2 a2

Adds extra text to the end of a reference defined elsewhere, including backlinks to the reference invocation. Can be used to collect various commentary to be displayed with the citation. Can also be used to define another citation if multiple citations should reside under the same entry. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested. Special token p to use page2 and q to use quote2.

Example
Note 2
Stringoptional
Direction: Reference 2direction2 dir2

Override default left-to-right or right-to-left behaviour. (Requires special CSS support for classes mw-cite-dir-rtl and mw-cite-dir-ltr.)

Example
ltr, rtl
Contentoptional
Section: Reference 2section2 sec2 s2

Shows a tooltip indicating corresponding context section in an article, if defined. Multiple sections of the same name and overlapping sections are allowed.

Default
If yes is given, the section name is derived from the given group, name and page info automatically.
Example
ContextSection2, yes, y
Stringoptional
Content anchor: reference 2id2 ref2 2ref

Optional anchor name of a reference or annotation (including page numbers or quotes) in order to link to it. This is used for the id attribute of the corresponding span framing the content object and must be unique on the page.

Example
CITEREFSmith2020
Stringoptional
Link anchor: reference 2link-id2

Optional link anchor name of a reference link in order to (back)link to the reference link. This is used for the id attribute of the link span and must be unique on the page.

Example
Smith2020Page12
Stringoptional
Quote origin: reference 2quote-cite2 qc2

Anchor name (only the URL fragment) of a reference the quote belongs to, if defined on the same page. This is used for the cite attribute of the quote and establishes a semantic connection to its source.

Example
CITEREFSmith2020
Stringoptional
Reference name 3name3 n3 3

If this is "RefName", the template displays <ref name="RefName"/>.

Stringoptional
Page number: reference 3page3 p3 3p

Adds a page number within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if singular page info is given.

Example
"2"
Contentoptional
Pages numbers: reference 3pages3 pp3 3pp

Adds page numbers within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if plural page info is given.

Example
"34–38"
Contentoptional
In-source-location: reference 3location3 loc3 3loc at3

Adds other location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location info is given.

Example
"inside cover"
Contentoptional
Page needed: Reason 3needed-reason3 needed3

Only required if page/location info is missing.

Default
Defaults to no page/location info missing.
Example
Actual reason, yes, y
Stringoptional
Quote: reference 3quote3 q3

A quote from the source. Appears when hovering over the page number, so the page number must be specified.

Stringoptional
Quote page: reference 3quote-page3 qp3

A quote page from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page number. Special token p to use page3. Choose parameter only if singular page is given.

Contentoptional
Quote pages: reference 3quote-pages3 qpp3

A quote pages from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page numbers. Special token pp to use pages3. Choose parameter only if plural pages are given.

Contentoptional
Quote in-source location: reference 3quote-location3 quote-loc3 quote-at3

Adds other quote location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead, so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location information different from singular or plural quote page info is given.

Example
"inside cover"
Contentsuggested
Quote language: reference 3language3 lang3 l3 quote-language3 quote-lang3 ql3

A language code or name defining the language of the quote (if not English).

Contentoptional
Quote translation: reference 3translation3 trans3 t3 trans-quote3 tq3 xlat3

An optional English translation of a non-English quote.

Stringoptional
Reference definition 3reference3 refn3 r3

Adds the definition of a citation. This can be used inline or in list-defined reference sections. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested.

Example
Harold Smith (2020). ''Proper Referencing''. Atlanta Press. p. 201.
Stringoptional
Reference annotation 3annotation3 annot3 a3

Adds extra text to the end of a reference defined elsewhere, including backlinks to the reference invocation. Can be used to collect various commentary to be displayed with the citation. Can also be used to define another citation if multiple citations should reside under the same entry. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested. Special token p to use page3 and q to use quote3.

Example
Note 3
Stringoptional
Direction: Reference 3direction3 dir3

Override default left-to-right or right-to-left behaviour. (Requires special CSS support for classes mw-cite-dir-rtl and mw-cite-dir-ltr.)

Example
ltr, rtl
Contentoptional
Section: Reference 3section3 sec3 s3

Shows a tooltip indicating corresponding context section in an article, if defined. Multiple sections of the same name and overlapping sections are allowed.

Default
If yes is given, the section name is derived from the given group, name and page info automatically.
Example
ContextSection3, yes, y
Stringoptional
Content anchor: reference 3id3 ref3 3ref

Optional anchor name of a reference or annotation (including page numbers or quotes) in order to link to it. This is used for the id attribute of the corresponding span framing the content object and must be unique on the page.

Example
CITEREFSmith2020
Stringoptional
Link anchor: reference 3link-id3

Optional link anchor name of a reference link in order to (back)link to the reference link. This is used for the id attribute of the link span and must be unique on the page.

Example
Smith2020Page12
Stringoptional
Quote origin: reference 3quote-cite3 qc3

Anchor name (only the URL fragment) of a reference the quote belongs to, if defined on the same page. This is used for the cite attribute of the quote and establishes a semantic connection to its source.

Example
CITEREFSmith2020
Stringoptional
Reference name 4name4 n4 4

If this is "RefName", the template displays <ref name="RefName"/>.

Stringoptional
Page number: reference 4page4 p4 4p

Adds a page number within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if singular page info is given.

Example
"2"
Contentoptional
Pages numbers: reference 4pages4 pp4 4pp

Adds page numbers within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if plural page info is given.

Example
"34–38"
Contentoptional
In-source-location: reference 4location4 loc4 4loc at4

Adds other location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location info is given.

Example
"inside cover"
Contentoptional
Page needed: Reason 4needed-reason4 needed4

Only required if page/location info is missing.

Default
Defaults to no page/location info missing.
Example
Actual reason, yes, y
Stringoptional
Quote: reference 4quote4 q4

A quote from the source. Appears when hovering over the page number, so the page number must be specified.

Stringoptional
Quote page: reference 4quote-page4 qp4

A quote page from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page number. Special token p to use page4. Choose parameter only if singular page is given.

Contentoptional
Quote pages: reference 4quote-pages4 qpp4

A quote pages from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page numbers. Special token pp to use pages4. Choose parameter only if plural pages are given.

Contentoptional
Quote in-source location: reference 4quote-location4 quote-loc4 quote-at4

Adds other quote location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead, so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location information different from singular or plural quote page info is given.

Example
"inside cover"
Contentsuggested
Quote language: reference 4language4 lang4 l4 quote-language4 quote-lang4 ql4

A language code or name defining the language of the quote (if not English).

Contentoptional
Quote translation: reference 4translation4 trans4 t4 trans-quote4 tq4 xlat4

An optional English translation of a non-English quote.

Stringoptional
Reference definition 4reference4 refn4 r4

Adds the definition of a citation. This can be used inline or in list-defined reference sections. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested.

Example
Harold Smith (2020). ''Proper Referencing''. Atlanta Press. p. 201.
Stringoptional
Reference annotation 4annotation4 annot4 a4

Adds extra text to the end of a reference defined elsewhere, including backlinks to the reference invocation. Can be used to collect various commentary to be displayed with the citation. Can also be used to define another citation if multiple citations should reside under the same entry. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested. Special token p to use page4 and q to use quote4.

Example
Note 4
Stringoptional
Direction: Reference 4direction4 dir4

Override default left-to-right or right-to-left behaviour. (Requires special CSS support for classes mw-cite-dir-rtl and mw-cite-dir-ltr.)

Example
ltr, rtl
Contentoptional
Section: Reference 4section4 sec4 s4

Shows a tooltip indicating corresponding context section in an article, if defined. Multiple sections of the same name and overlapping sections are allowed.

Default
If yes is given, the section name is derived from the given group, name and page info automatically.
Example
ContextSection4, yes, y
Stringoptional
Content anchor: reference 4id4 ref4 4ref

Optional anchor name of a reference or annotation (including page numbers or quotes) in order to link to it. This is used for the id attribute of the corresponding span framing the content object and must be unique on the page.

Example
CITEREFSmith2020
Stringoptional
Link anchor: reference 4link-id4

Optional link anchor name of a reference link in order to (back)link to the reference link. This is used for the id attribute of the link span and must be unique on the page.

Example
Smith2020Page12
Stringoptional
Quote origin: reference 4quote-cite4 qc4

Anchor name (only the URL fragment) of a reference the quote belongs to, if defined on the same page. This is used for the cite attribute of the quote and establishes a semantic connection to its source.

Example
CITEREFSmith2020
Stringoptional
Reference name 5name5 n5 5

If this is "RefName", the template displays <ref name="RefName"/>.

Stringoptional
Page number: reference 5page5 p5 5p

Adds a page number within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if singular page info is given.

Example
"2"
Contentoptional
Pages numbers: reference 5pages5 pp5 5pp

Adds page numbers within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if plural page info is given.

Example
"34–38"
Contentoptional
In-source-location: reference 5location5 loc5 5loc at5

Adds other location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location info is given.

Example
"inside cover"
Contentoptional
Page needed: Reason 5needed-reason5 needed5

Only required if page/location info is missing.

Default
Defaults to no page/location info missing.
Example
Actual reason, yes, y
Stringoptional
Quote: reference 5quote5 q5

A quote from the source. Appears when hovering over the page number, so the page number must be specified.

Stringoptional
Quote page: reference 5quote-page5 qp5

A quote page from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page number. Special token p to use page5. Choose parameter only if singular page is given.

Contentoptional
Quote pages: reference 5quote-pages5 qpp5

A quote pages from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page numbers. Special token pp to use pages5. Choose parameter only if plural pages are given.

Contentoptional
Quote in-source location: reference 5quote-location5 quote-loc5 quote-at5

Adds other quote location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead, so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location information different from singular or plural quote page info is given.

Example
"inside cover"
Contentsuggested
Quote language: reference 5language5 lang5 l5 quote-language5 quote-lang5 ql5

A language code or name defining the language of the quote (if not English).

Contentoptional
Quote translation: reference 5translation5 trans5 t5 trans-quote5 tq5 xlat5

An optional English translation of a non-English quote.

Stringoptional
Reference definition 5reference5 refn5 r5

Adds the definition of a citation. This can be used inline or in list-defined reference sections. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested.

Example
Harold Smith (2020). ''Proper Referencing''. Atlanta Press. p. 201.
Stringoptional
Reference annotation 5annotation5 annot5 a5

Adds extra text to the end of a reference defined elsewhere, including backlinks to the reference invocation. Can be used to collect various commentary to be displayed with the citation. Can also be used to define another citation if multiple citations should reside under the same entry. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested. Special token p to use page5 and q to use quote5.

Example
Note 5
Stringoptional
Direction: Reference 5direction5 dir5

Override default left-to-right or right-to-left behaviour. (Requires special CSS support for classes mw-cite-dir-rtl and mw-cite-dir-ltr.)

Example
ltr, rtl
Contentoptional
Section: Reference 5section5 sec5 s5

Shows a tooltip indicating corresponding context section in an article, if defined. Multiple sections of the same name and overlapping sections are allowed.

Default
If yes is given, the section name is derived from the given group, name and page info automatically.
Example
ContextSection5, yes, y
Stringoptional
Content anchor: reference 5id5 ref5 5ref

Optional anchor name of a reference or annotation (including page numbers or quotes) in order to link to it. This is used for the id attribute of the corresponding span framing the content object and must be unique on the page.

Example
CITEREFSmith2020
Stringoptional
Link anchor: reference 5link-id5

Optional link anchor name of a reference link in order to (back)link to the reference link. This is used for the id attribute of the link span and must be unique on the page.

Example
Smith2020Page12
Stringoptional
Quote origin: reference 5quote-cite5 qc5

Anchor name (only the URL fragment) of a reference the quote belongs to, if defined on the same page. This is used for the cite attribute of the quote and establishes a semantic connection to its source.

Example
CITEREFSmith2020
Stringoptional
Reference name 6name6 n6 6

If this is "RefName", the template displays <ref name="RefName"/>.

Stringoptional
Page number: reference 6page6 p6 6p

Adds a page number within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if singular page info is given.

Example
"2"
Contentoptional
Pages numbers: reference 6pages6 pp6 6pp

Adds page numbers within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if plural page info is given.

Example
"34–38"
Contentoptional
In-source-location: reference 6location6 loc6 6loc at6

Adds other location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location info is given.

Example
"inside cover"
Contentoptional
Page needed: Reason 6needed-reason6 needed6

Only required if page/location info is missing.

Default
Defaults to no page/location info missing.
Example
Actual reason, yes, y
Stringoptional
Quote: reference 6quote6 q6

A quote from the source. Appears when hovering over the page number, so the page number must be specified.

Stringoptional
Quote page: reference 6quote-page6 qp6

A quote page from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page number. Special token p to use page6. Choose parameter only if singular page is given.

Contentoptional
Quote pages: reference 6quote-pages6 qpp6

A quote pages from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page numbers. Special token pp to use pages6. Choose parameter only if plural pages are given.

Contentoptional
Quote in-source location: reference 6quote-location6 quote-loc6 quote-at6

Adds other quote location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead, so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location information different from singular or plural quote page info is given.

Example
"inside cover"
Contentsuggested
Quote language: reference 6language6 lang6 l6 quote-language6 quote-lang6 ql6

A language code or name defining the language of the quote (if not English).

Contentoptional
Quote translation: reference 6translation6 trans6 t6 trans-quote6 tq6 xlat6

An optional English translation of a non-English quote.

Stringoptional
Reference definition 6reference6 refn6 r6

Adds the definition of a citation. This can be used inline or in list-defined reference sections. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested.

Example
Harold Smith (2020). ''Proper Referencing''. Atlanta Press. p. 201.
Stringoptional
Reference annotation 6annotation6 annot6 a6

Adds extra text to the end of a reference defined elsewhere, including backlinks to the reference invocation. Can be used to collect various commentary to be displayed with the citation. Can also be used to define another citation if multiple citations should reside under the same entry. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested. Special token p to use page6 and q to use quote6.

Example
Note 6
Stringoptional
Direction: Reference 6direction6 dir6

Override default left-to-right or right-to-left behaviour. (Requires special CSS support for classes mw-cite-dir-rtl and mw-cite-dir-ltr.)

Example
ltr, rtl
Contentoptional
Section: Reference 6section6 sec6 s6

Shows a tooltip indicating corresponding context section in an article, if defined. Multiple sections of the same name and overlapping sections are allowed.

Default
If yes is given, the section name is derived from the given group, name and page info automatically.
Example
ContextSection6, yes, y
Stringoptional
Content anchor: reference 6id6 ref6 6ref

Optional anchor name of a reference or annotation (including page numbers or quotes) in order to link to it. This is used for the id attribute of the corresponding span framing the content object and must be unique on the page.

Example
CITEREFSmith2020
Stringoptional
Link anchor: reference 6link-id6

Optional link anchor name of a reference link in order to (back)link to the reference link. This is used for the id attribute of the link span and must be unique on the page.

Example
Smith2020Page12
Stringoptional
Quote origin: reference 6quote-cite6 qc6

Anchor name (only the URL fragment) of a reference the quote belongs to, if defined on the same page. This is used for the cite attribute of the quote and establishes a semantic connection to its source.

Example
CITEREFSmith2020
Stringoptional
Reference name 7name7 n7 7

If this is "RefName", the template displays <ref name="RefName"/>.

Stringoptional
Page number: reference 7page7 p7 7p

Adds a page number within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if singular page info is given.

Example
"2"
Contentoptional
Pages numbers: reference 7pages7 pp7 7pp

Adds page numbers within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if plural page info is given.

Example
"34–38"
Contentoptional
In-source-location: reference 7location7 loc7 7loc at7

Adds other location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location info is given.

Example
"inside cover"
Contentoptional
Page needed: Reason 7needed-reason7 needed7

Only required if page/location info is missing.

Default
Defaults to no page/location info missing.
Example
Actual reason, yes, y
Stringoptional
Quote: reference 7quote7 q7

A quote from the source. Appears when hovering over the page number, so the page number must be specified.

Stringoptional
Quote page: reference 7quote-page7 qp7

A quote page from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page number. Special token p to use page7. Choose parameter only if singular page is given.

Contentoptional
Quote pages: reference 7quote-pages7 qpp7

A quote pages from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page numbers. Special token pp to use pages7. Choose parameter only if plural pages are given.

Contentoptional
Quote in-source location: reference 7quote-location7 quote-loc7 quote-at7

Adds other quote location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead, so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location information different from singular or plural quote page info is given.

Example
"inside cover"
Contentsuggested
Quote language: reference 7language7 lang7 l7 quote-language7 quote-lang7 ql7

A language code or name defining the language of the quote (if not English).

Contentoptional
Quote translation: reference 7translation7 trans7 t7 trans-quote7 tq7 xlat7

An optional English translation of a non-English quote.

Stringoptional
Reference definition 7reference7 refn7 r7

Adds the definition of a citation. This can be used inline or in list-defined reference sections. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested.

Example
Harold Smith (2020). ''Proper Referencing''. Atlanta Press. p. 201.
Stringoptional
Reference annotation 7annotation7 annot7 a7

Adds extra text to the end of a reference defined elsewhere, including backlinks to the reference invocation. Can be used to collect various commentary to be displayed with the citation. Can also be used to define another citation if multiple citations should reside under the same entry. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested. Special token p to use page7 and q to use quote7.

Example
Note 7
Stringoptional
Direction: Reference 7direction7 dir7

Override default left-to-right or right-to-left behaviour. (Requires special CSS support for classes mw-cite-dir-rtl and mw-cite-dir-ltr.)

Example
ltr, rtl
Contentoptional
Section: Reference 7section7 sec7 s7

Shows a tooltip indicating corresponding context section in an article, if defined. Multiple sections of the same name and overlapping sections are allowed.

Default
If yes is given, the section name is derived from the given group, name and page info automatically.
Example
ContextSection7, yes, y
Stringoptional
Content anchor: reference 7id7 ref7 7ref

Optional anchor name of a reference or annotation (including page numbers or quotes) in order to link to it. This is used for the id attribute of the corresponding span framing the content object and must be unique on the page.

Example
CITEREFSmith2020
Stringoptional
Link anchor: reference 7link-id7

Optional link anchor name of a reference link in order to (back)link to the reference link. This is used for the id attribute of the link span and must be unique on the page.

Example
Smith2020Page12
Stringoptional
Quote origin: reference 7quote-cite7 qc7

Anchor name (only the URL fragment) of a reference the quote belongs to, if defined on the same page. This is used for the cite attribute of the quote and establishes a semantic connection to its source.

Example
CITEREFSmith2020
Stringoptional
Reference name 8name8 n8 8

If this is "RefName", the template displays <ref name="RefName"/>.

Stringoptional
Page number: reference 8page8 p8 8p

Adds a page number within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if singular page info is given.

Example
"2"
Contentoptional
Pages numbers: reference 8pages8 pp8 8pp

Adds page numbers within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if plural page info is given.

Example
"34–38"
Contentoptional
In-source-location: reference 8location8 loc8 8loc at8

Adds other location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location info is given.

Example
"inside cover"
Contentoptional
Page needed: Reason 8needed-reason8 needed8

Only required if page/location info is missing.

Default
Defaults to no page/location info missing.
Example
Actual reason, yes, y
Stringoptional
Quote: reference 8quote8 q8

A quote from the source. Appears when hovering over the page number, so the page number must be specified.

Stringoptional
Quote page: reference 8quote-page8 qp8

A quote page from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page number. Special token p to use page8. Choose parameter only if singular page is given.

Contentoptional
Quote pages: reference 8quote-pages8 qpp8

A quote pages from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page numbers. Special token pp to use pages8. Choose parameter only if plural pages are given.

Contentoptional
Quote in-source location: reference 8quote-location8 quote-loc8 quote-at8

Adds other quote location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead, so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location information different from singular or plural quote page info is given.

Example
"inside cover"
Contentsuggested
Quote language: reference 8language8 lang8 l8 quote-language8 quote-lang8 ql8

A language code or name defining the language of the quote (if not English).

Contentoptional
Quote translation: reference 8translation8 trans8 t8 trans-quote8 tq8 xlat8

An optional English translation of a non-English quote.

Stringoptional
Reference definition 8reference8 refn8 r8

Adds the definition of a citation. This can be used inline or in list-defined reference sections. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested.

Example
Harold Smith (2020). ''Proper Referencing''. Atlanta Press. p. 201.
Stringoptional
Reference annotation 8annotation8 annot8 a8

Adds extra text to the end of a reference defined elsewhere, including backlinks to the reference invocation. Can be used to collect various commentary to be displayed with the citation. Can also be used to define another citation if multiple citations should reside under the same entry. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested. Special token p to use page8 and q to use quote8.

Example
Note 8
Stringoptional
Direction: Reference 8direction8 dir8

Override default left-to-right or right-to-left behaviour. (Requires special CSS support for classes mw-cite-dir-rtl and mw-cite-dir-ltr.)

Example
ltr, rtl
Contentoptional
Section: Reference 8section8 sec8 s8

Shows a tooltip indicating corresponding context section in an article, if defined. Multiple sections of the same name and overlapping sections are allowed.

Default
If yes is given, the section name is derived from the given group, name and page info automatically.
Example
ContextSection8, yes, y
Stringoptional
Content anchor: reference 8id8 ref8 8ref

Optional anchor name of a reference or annotation (including page numbers or quotes) in order to link to it. This is used for the id attribute of the corresponding span framing the content object and must be unique on the page.

Example
CITEREFSmith2020
Stringoptional
Link anchor: reference 8link-id8

Optional link anchor name of a reference link in order to (back)link to the reference link. This is used for the id attribute of the link span and must be unique on the page.

Example
Smith2020Page12
Stringoptional
Quote origin: reference 8quote-cite8 qc8

Anchor name (only the URL fragment) of a reference the quote belongs to, if defined on the same page. This is used for the cite attribute of the quote and establishes a semantic connection to its source.

Example
CITEREFSmith2020
Stringoptional
Reference name 9name9 n9 9

If this is "RefName", the template displays <ref name="RefName"/>.

Stringoptional
Page number: reference 9page9 p9 9p

Adds a page number within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if singular page info is given.

Example
"2"
Contentoptional
Pages numbers: reference 9pages9 pp9 9pp

Adds page numbers within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if plural page info is given.

Example
"34–38"
Contentoptional
In-source-location: reference 9location9 loc9 9loc at9

Adds other location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location info is given.

Example
"inside cover"
Contentoptional
Page needed: Reason 9needed-reason9 needed9

Only required if page/location info is missing.

Default
Defaults to no page/location info missing.
Example
Actual reason, yes, y
Stringoptional
Quote: reference 9quote9 q9

A quote from the source. Appears when hovering over the page number, so the page number must be specified.

Stringoptional
Quote page: reference 9quote-page9 qp9

A quote page from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page number. Special token p to use page9. Choose parameter only if singular page is given.

Contentoptional
Quote pages: reference 9quote-pages9 qpp9

A quote pages from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page numbers. Special token pp to use pages9. Choose parameter only if plural pages are given.

Contentoptional
Quote in-source location: reference 9quote-location9 quote-loc9 quote-at9

Adds other quote location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead, so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location information different from singular or plural quote page info is given.

Example
"inside cover"
Contentsuggested
Quote language: reference 9language9 lang9 l9 quote-language9 quote-lang9 ql9

A language code or name defining the language of the quote (if not English).

Contentoptional
Quote translation: reference 9translation9 trans9 t9 trans-quote9 tq9 xlat9

An optional English translation of a non-English quote.

Stringoptional
Reference definition 9reference9 refn9 r9

Adds the definition of a citation. This can be used inline or in list-defined reference sections. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested.

Example
Harold Smith (2020). ''Proper Referencing''. Atlanta Press. p. 201.
Stringoptional
Reference annotation 9annotation9 annot9 a9

Adds extra text to the end of a reference defined elsewhere, including backlinks to the reference invocation. Can be used to collect various commentary to be displayed with the citation. Can also be used to define another citation if multiple citations should reside under the same entry. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested. Special token p to use page9 and q to use quote9.

Example
Note 9
Stringoptional
Direction: Reference 9direction9 dir9

Override default left-to-right or right-to-left behaviour. (Requires special CSS support for classes mw-cite-dir-rtl and mw-cite-dir-ltr.)

Example
ltr, rtl
Contentoptional
Section: Reference 9section9 sec9 s9

Shows a tooltip indicating corresponding context section in an article, if defined. Multiple sections of the same name and overlapping sections are allowed.

Default
If yes is given, the section name is derived from the given group, name and page info automatically.
Example
ContextSection9, yes, y
Stringoptional
Content anchor: reference 9id9 ref9 9ref

Optional anchor name of a reference or annotation (including page numbers or quotes) in order to link to it. This is used for the id attribute of the corresponding span framing the content object and must be unique on the page.

Example
CITEREFSmith2020
Stringoptional
Link anchor: reference 9link-id9

Optional link anchor name of a reference link in order to (back)link to the reference link. This is used for the id attribute of the link span and must be unique on the page.

Example
Smith2020Page12
Stringoptional
Quote origin: reference 9quote-cite9 qc9

Anchor name (only the URL fragment) of a reference the quote belongs to, if defined on the same page. This is used for the cite attribute of the quote and establishes a semantic connection to its source.

Example
CITEREFSmith2020
Stringoptional
Page needed: Dateneeded-date date

Only required if page/location info is missing.

Example
August 2021
Contentoptional
Leadin sequenceleadin

To define a leadin sequence prefixing the annotated text.

Example
Page(s):&nbsp;
Stringoptional
Postscript sequencepostscript ps postscript1 ps1 1ps postscript2 ps2 2ps postscript3 ps3 3ps postscript4 ps4 4ps postscript5 ps5 5ps postscript6 ps6 6ps postscript7 ps7 7ps postscript8 ps8 8ps postscript9 ps9 9ps

To define a postscript sequence appended to the reference.

Example
.
Stringoptional
Line wrapping controlno-pp nopp

Control display of p/pp prefixes (in AMA mode)

Default
Defaults to no to keep prefixes enabled.
Example
yes, y, no, n
Contentoptional
Display formatstyle

Control display format (default : style or AMA format)

Default
Defaults to : format.
Example
AMA, Ama, ama
Contentoptional
Line wrapping controlwrap

To enable automatic line-wrapping between multiple reference links, or to enforce an additional line-break opportunity even within superscripted page strings (may depend on skin)

Default
Defaults to special line-wrapping disabled.
Example
no, n, yes, y, forced, f
Contentoptional

See also