Dad's Army missing episodes: Difference between revisions

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The '''''Dad's Army'' missing episodes''' are [[Wiping|lost]] episodes of the British [[situation comedy|sitcom]] programme ''[[Dad's Army]]'', plus some short sketches. The programme ran for nine [[Season (television)|series]] between 1968 and 1977. Three out of six episodes from Series 2 and two of the four Christmas [[sketch comedy|sketches]] (1968 and 1970) are missing as the [[BBC]] routinely reused videotape as a cost saving measure for many years.
The '''''Dad's Army'' missing episodes''' are [[w:Wiping|lost]] episodes of the British [[w:situation comedy|sitcom]] programme ''[[Dad's Army]]'', plus some short sketches. The programme ran for nine [[w:Season (television)|series]] between 1968 and 1977. Three out of six episodes from Series 2 and two of the four Christmas [[w:sketch comedy|sketches]] (1968 and 1970) are missing as the [[w:BBC|BBC]] routinely reused videotape as a cost saving measure for many years.


==Background==
==Background==
Until 1978, when the [[BBC]] Film and Videotape Library was created as a permanent archive for all its television programmes, the BBC had no central archive. The [[videotapes]] and [[Kinescope|film recordings]] stored in the BBC's various libraries were often either [[wiping|wiped]] or discarded for recording new programmes and to free storage space to reduce costs.<ref name=dampw/> The BBC Film Library kept only some programmes that were made on film, whilst the Engineering Department handled videotape but had no mandate to retain material. Some shows were kept by [[BBC Enterprises]], but they too had limited storage space and only kept material that was considered commercially exploitable. In the mid-1970s, BBC Enterprises disposed of much older material for which the rights to sell the programmes had expired, and the Engineering Department routinely wiped videotapes in an era when rescreening potential was limited.
Until 1978, when the [[w:BBC|BBC]] Film and Videotape Library was created as a permanent archive for all its television programmes, the BBC had no central archive. The [[w:videotapes|videotapes]] and [[w:Kinescope|film recordings]] stored in the BBC's various libraries were often either [[w:wiping|wiped]] or discarded for recording new programmes and to free storage space to reduce costs.<ref name=dampw/> The BBC Film Library kept only some programmes that were made on film, whilst the Engineering Department handled videotape but had no mandate to retain material. Some shows were kept by [[w:BBC Enterprises|BBC Enterprises]], but they too had limited storage space and only kept material that was considered commercially exploitable. In the mid-1970s, BBC Enterprises disposed of much older material for which the rights to sell the programmes had expired, and the Engineering Department routinely wiped videotapes in an era when rescreening potential was limited.


The first two series (12 episodes) of ''Dad's Army'' were made in black-and-white, with almost all episodes made on [[2" Quadruplex videotape|two-inch quad videotape]] for initial broadcast. The first series was thought to have commercial potential overseas, and was offered for sale to foreign broadcasters by [[BBC Enterprises]]. To this end, 16mm film copies were made of the first six episodes by the BBC Engineering Department before the master videotapes were wiped, and these were retained by the Film Unit.
The first two series (12 episodes) of ''Dad's Army'' were made in black-and-white, with almost all episodes made on [[w:2" Quadruplex videotape|two-inch quad videotape]] for initial broadcast. The first series was thought to have commercial potential overseas, and was offered for sale to foreign broadcasters by [[w:BBC Enterprises|BBC Enterprises]]. To this end, 16mm film copies were made of the first six episodes by the BBC Engineering Department before the master videotapes were wiped, and these were retained by the Film Unit.


In the event, the first series sold very poorly and so BBC Enterprises did not express any interest in selling Series 2 abroad. Thus very few film copies of Series 2 episodes were made. ''Dad's Army'' was made in colour from Series 3 onwards; overseas interest in the series picked up, and BBC Enterprises resumed offering the episodes for sale in film and video format; this meant they were more likely to be permanently retained.
In the event, the first series sold very poorly and so BBC Enterprises did not express any interest in selling Series 2 abroad. Thus very few film copies of Series 2 episodes were made. ''Dad's Army'' was made in colour from Series 3 onwards; overseas interest in the series picked up, and BBC Enterprises resumed offering the episodes for sale in film and video format; this meant they were more likely to be permanently retained.


==Recovery==
==Recovery==
In 1998, David Croft made an appeal on [[BBC Two]] asking people if they held an off-air video copy of the missing episodes. At the time, five of the six episodes of [[List of Dad's Army episodes#Series 2 .281969.29|series 2]] were missing. "[[Sgt. Wilson's Little Secret]]" had survived the cull as it was recorded onto 35&nbsp;mm film instead of videotape, either because it required additional editing (which was easier with film before the advent of electronic timecode editing) or because no videotape recording facilities were available in the recording period. This fortuitously assured the episode's survival: as a production made on film, it fell within the BBC Film Library's remit of retaining filmed productions.<ref name=dampw>Documentary: ''[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0308144/ Dad's Army: Missing Presumed Wiped]'', BBC, 2001</ref>
In 1998, David Croft made an appeal on [[w:BBC Two|BBC Two]] asking people if they held an off-air video copy of the missing episodes. At the time, five of the six episodes of [[List of Dad's Army episodes#Series 2 .281969.29|series 2]] were missing. "[[Sgt. Wilson's Little Secret]]" had survived the cull as it was recorded onto 35&nbsp;mm film instead of videotape, either because it required additional editing (which was easier with film before the advent of electronic timecode editing) or because no videotape recording facilities were available in the recording period. This fortuitously assured the episode's survival: as a production made on film, it fell within the BBC Film Library's remit of retaining filmed productions.<ref name=dampw>Documentary: ''[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0308144/ Dad's Army: Missing Presumed Wiped]'', BBC, 2001</ref>


In 2001, 16&nbsp;mm film recordings of "[[Operation Kilt]]" and "[[The Battle of Godfrey's Cottage]]" were returned to the BBC archive.<ref>{{cite news |title=Lost Dad's Army shows found |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/1364418.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=BBC |date=1 June 2001 |access-date=9 August 2008 }}</ref> It has since been established that the two episodes were film recorded to show to executives at [[Columbia Pictures]] during discussions on the structure of the [[Dad's Army (1971 film)|''Dad's Army'' feature film]]. The film copies were then junked and retrieved from a [[Skip (container)|skip]] by an opportunistic collector and stored in a garden shed for 30 years until returned to the BBC.
In 2001, 16&nbsp;mm film recordings of "[[Operation Kilt]]" and "[[The Battle of Godfrey's Cottage]]" were returned to the BBC archive.<ref>{{cite news |title=Lost Dad's Army shows found |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/1364418.stm |work=BBC News |publisher=BBC |date=1 June 2001 |access-date=9 August 2008 }}</ref> It has since been established that the two episodes were film recorded to show to executives at [[Columbia Pictures]] during discussions on the structure of the [[Dad's Army (1971 film)|''Dad's Army'' feature film]]. The film copies were then junked and retrieved from a [[Skip (container)|skip]] by an opportunistic collector and stored in a garden shed for 30 years until returned to the BBC.

Revision as of 09:36, 30 September 2022

The Dad's Army missing episodes are lost episodes of the British sitcom programme Dad's Army, plus some short sketches. The programme ran for nine series between 1968 and 1977. Three out of six episodes from Series 2 and two of the four Christmas sketches (1968 and 1970) are missing as the BBC routinely reused videotape as a cost saving measure for many years.

Background

Until 1978, when the BBC Film and Videotape Library was created as a permanent archive for all its television programmes, the BBC had no central archive. The videotapes and film recordings stored in the BBC's various libraries were often either wiped or discarded for recording new programmes and to free storage space to reduce costs.[1] The BBC Film Library kept only some programmes that were made on film, whilst the Engineering Department handled videotape but had no mandate to retain material. Some shows were kept by BBC Enterprises, but they too had limited storage space and only kept material that was considered commercially exploitable. In the mid-1970s, BBC Enterprises disposed of much older material for which the rights to sell the programmes had expired, and the Engineering Department routinely wiped videotapes in an era when rescreening potential was limited.

The first two series (12 episodes) of Dad's Army were made in black-and-white, with almost all episodes made on two-inch quad videotape for initial broadcast. The first series was thought to have commercial potential overseas, and was offered for sale to foreign broadcasters by BBC Enterprises. To this end, 16mm film copies were made of the first six episodes by the BBC Engineering Department before the master videotapes were wiped, and these were retained by the Film Unit.

In the event, the first series sold very poorly and so BBC Enterprises did not express any interest in selling Series 2 abroad. Thus very few film copies of Series 2 episodes were made. Dad's Army was made in colour from Series 3 onwards; overseas interest in the series picked up, and BBC Enterprises resumed offering the episodes for sale in film and video format; this meant they were more likely to be permanently retained.

Recovery

In 1998, David Croft made an appeal on BBC Two asking people if they held an off-air video copy of the missing episodes. At the time, five of the six episodes of series 2 were missing. "Sgt. Wilson's Little Secret" had survived the cull as it was recorded onto 35 mm film instead of videotape, either because it required additional editing (which was easier with film before the advent of electronic timecode editing) or because no videotape recording facilities were available in the recording period. This fortuitously assured the episode's survival: as a production made on film, it fell within the BBC Film Library's remit of retaining filmed productions.[1]

In 2001, 16 mm film recordings of "Operation Kilt" and "The Battle of Godfrey's Cottage" were returned to the BBC archive.[2] It has since been established that the two episodes were film recorded to show to executives at Columbia Pictures during discussions on the structure of the Dad's Army feature film. The film copies were then junked and retrieved from a skip by an opportunistic collector and stored in a garden shed for 30 years until returned to the BBC.

The three Series 2 episodes that remain missing are "The Loneliness of the Long Distance Walker", "A Stripe for Frazer" and "Under Fire".[3] The only currently remaining hope for recovery is either that the lost episodes were recorded off-air during their original UK broadcasts using an early videotape recorder such as a Shibaden or Sony CV-2000 machine, or 16 mm tele-recordings being saved from being junked. However these three episodes were among the 67 adapted for BBC Radio in the 1970s, and recordings of the radio episodes still exist.

Christmas sketches

Two of the four Christmas sketches which aired as part of Christmas Night with the Stars from 1968 "Santa On Patrol" and 1970 "Cornish Floral Dance" (which were made in colour) remain missing, though audio recordings of both have been recovered. The "Cornish Floral Dance" was also performed at the Royal Variety Performance of 1975. This second version is still extant.

Colour episodes

The colour episodes in series 3–9 have been remarkably fortunate compared with many of their contemporaries. Missing episodes were returned from overseas broadcasters, mainly from those in Europe, New Zealand and Australia, with the result that all full-length episodes now exist in the original colour format.

Restoration and recreation

Episode restoration and recreation
Room at the Bottom colour restoration
"Room at the Bottom" - to the left is the 16 mm black and white copy; to the right is the restored colour version.
A Stripe for Frazer animation
"A Stripe for Frazer" - a scene from the animated episode
The Lost Episodes cast
Kevin McNally as Captain Mainwaring and Robert Bathurst as Sergeant Wilson in Dad's Army: The Lost Episodes

Colour restoration

By the 1990s, "Room at the Bottom", the sixth episode of Series 3, was the only episode produced in colour that did not have a colour copy in the archive; instead, it survived only as a 16 mm black-and-white film recording. Because of the way in which the original black and white telerecordings were made, colour information was sometimes inadvertently preserved in them even though it could not be displayed. In 2008, a computer technique of colour recovery was developed to recover the colour information from telerecordings, known as chroma dots, to recreate a usable colour signal. "Room at the Bottom" was used as the pilot project to test this process of colour recovery, with the success of the episode's restoration leading to it being used on other 16mm telerecordings.[4] The new colour copy was officially adopted as the BBC's archive copy,[5] and "Room at the Bottom" was broadcast in colour for the first time in almost forty years on 13 December 2008.[6]

Recreations

Restagings

Although not a deliberate attempt to restore lost material, the "Cornish Floral Dance" was also performed at the Royal Variety Performance of 1975. This second version is still extant.

Animated episode

In 2008, the soundtrack of "A Stripe for Frazer" was rediscovered in the hands of a private collector. This recording was then digitally remastered for a 2015 BBC Audio CD release. In January 2016, it was announced that the BBC were creating an animated version of the episode, to be combined with the newly discovered copy of the audio, which was released via the BBC Store online service.[7][8]

Pre-production for "A Stripe for Frazer" began in October 2015 and a little under 12 weeks later the finished animated episode was released on BBC Store 4 February 2016.[9] The animation was produced and directed for BBC Worldwide by Charles Norton and a team that included comic book artist, Martin Geraghty.[9]

Remake

In 2018, UKTV announced plans to recreate the three missing episodes for broadcast on its Gold channel under the title Dad's Army: The Lost Episodes. Mercury Productions, the company responsible for Saluting Dad's Army, Gold's 50th anniversary tribute series, produced the episodes, directed by Ben Kellett. The recreations were broadcast in 2019, coinciding with the 50th anniversary of their original broadcast on the BBC.[10] Kevin McNally and Robert Bathurst were the initial casting announcements as Captain Mainwaring and Sergeant Wilson,[11] with Bernard Cribbins portraying Private Godfrey.[12] The full cast was announced in January 2019, with McNally, Bathurst and Cribbins joined by Kevin Eldon, Mathew Horne, David Hayman and Tom Rosenthal.[13] However, Bernard Cribbins subsequently withdrew from the project, and was replaced as Godfrey by Timothy West.[14] The recreated episodes were shown in August 2019[15] and released on DVD & Blu Ray on 25 November 2019 by the British Network imprint. The series also ran on Yesterday on 25–28 August 2020.[16]

No.TitleOriginal series numberOriginal episode airdateRecorded dateOriginal air date
1"The Loneliness of the Long Distance Walker"2.315 March 19691 March 2019 (2019-03-01)[17]25 August 2019 (2019-08-25)
Walker is called up into the army. The platoon, anxious at how they will obtain off-the-ration supplies without him, fight to keep him.
2"A Stripe for Frazer"2.529 March 19698 March 2019 (2019-03-08)[17]26 August 2019 (2019-08-26)
Mainwaring has the opportunity to promote someone to corporal. Rather than promote Jones, he tests who has the greatest potential by temporarily promoting Private Frazer to lance corporal. Frazer's increasingly dictatorial manner soon alienates the platoon.
3"Under Fire"2.65 April 196915 March 2019 (2019-03-15)[17]27 August 2019 (2019-08-27)
When Frazer spots what he believes to be a German spy signalling planes, the platoon arrests a suspect who protests that he is a naturalised Englishman.
Cast

List of missing content

Episodes

Series
no. 		Episode
no. 		Title Recorded Original airdate Notes
Video Audio Radio episode
2
9 "The Loneliness of the Long Distance Walker" 27 October 1968 15 March 1969 Missing Missing Exists
11 "A Stripe for Frazer" 15 November 1968 29 March 1969 Missing[a] Exists[18] Exists
12 "Under Fire" 27 November 1968 5 April 1969 Missing Missing Exists

Sketches

No. Title Recorded Original airdate Notes
Video Audio Radio episode
1 "Santa On Patrol" 27 October 1968 25 December 1968 Missing Exists[18] No radio version
3 "Cornish Floral Dance" 4 December 1970 25 December 1970 Missing Exists Exists[b]


Further research

Documentaries

  • Dad's Army: Missing Presumed Wiped (2001) – a 30-minute documentary about episode recoveries and restoration.[19]
  • Time Shift – Missing Believed Wiped (2003) – a general documentary about archive television, featuring some clips and discussions about Dad's Army.[20]

Overseas broadcasters that purchased Series 2

Country[21] TV Network(s)
 Australia ABC
 Bahrain BRTC
 Barbados CBC
 Finland Yle
 Gibraltar GBC
 Hong Kong RTV
 Jamaica JBC
 Malta TVM
 Netherlands NOS
 New Zealand NZBC
 Nigeria
 Saudi Arabia
 Singapore
 Sweden SVT
 Yugoslavia JRT
 Zambia ZNBC

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The episode has been animated and was released on 4 February 2016.[22]
  2. ^ Video still missing, amateur soundtrack recording found (can be heard as an extra on the Christmas Specials DVD). The script was recycled for a scene in the radio adaptation of The Godiva Affair and as part of the Dad's Army stage show (a segment of which was also included in the 1975 Royal Variety Performance).

References

  1. ^ a b Documentary: Dad's Army: Missing Presumed Wiped, BBC, 2001
  2. ^ "Lost Dad's Army shows found". BBC News. BBC. 1 June 2001. Retrieved 9 August 2008.
  3. ^ The missing episodes at the BBC Treasure Hunt site, URL accessed 4 June 2006
  4. ^ Norton, Charles (11 December 2008). "Unscrambling an army of colours". The Guardian. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
  5. ^ Re-Colouring the Past, Radio Times, 13–19 December 2008, pages 24-25
  6. ^ "Press Office – Dad's Army episode to be seen in colour". BBC. Retrieved 21 July 2012.
  7. ^ "'Lost' Dad's Army episode to be released as an animation". Radio Times. 7 January 2016. Retrieved 7 January 2016.
  8. ^ https://store.bbc.com/a-stripe-for-frazer[permanent dead link]
  9. ^ a b Bowles, Chris (5 February 2016). "Dad's Army Animation / Release day". LinkedIn. Retrieved 5 October 2016.
  10. ^ Braxton, Mark (3 October 2018). "Lost episodes of Dad's Army to be remade with a new cast". Radio Times. Retrieved 7 November 2018.
  11. ^ "Kevin McNally and Robert Bathurst to star in new Dad's Army". comedy.co.uk. 9 November 2018. Retrieved 9 November 2018.
  12. ^ "Bernard Cribbins, the new Private Godfrey". The Oldie. 12 November 2018. Archived from the original on 29 March 2019. Retrieved 13 November 2018.
  13. ^ "Cast revealed for Dad's Army: The Lost Episodes". comedy.co.uk. 16 January 2019. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  14. ^ "Timothy West replaces Bernard Cribbins in Dad's Army remakes". comedy.co.uk. 19 February 2019. Retrieved 2 March 2019.
  15. ^ Gold [@goldchannel] (20 June 2019). "Don't panic! Not long now... #DadsArmy: The Lost Episodes starring @exkevinmcnally, @RobertBathurst, @ItsKevinEldon, David Hayman, Timothy West, @rosentweets and @mfhorne will transmit this August only on Gold.pic.twitter.com/n0jVv9dGwZ" (Tweet). Retrieved 24 June 2019 – via Twitter.
  16. ^ "Dad's Army Lost Episodes | Yesterday Channel".
  17. ^ a b c "Bernard Cribbins leaves Dad's Army remake". chortle.co.uk. 19 February 2019. Archived from the original on 19 February 2019. Retrieved 28 March 2019.
  18. ^ a b "Missing Episodes". Dad's Army Appreciation Society. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
  19. ^ "Dad's Army: the Lost Episodes". BBC Genome. Retrieved 6 October 2016.
  20. ^ "Have A Very Merry Digital Christmas!". BBC. Retrieved 12 January 2012.
  21. ^ www.cambridgeairforce.org.nz
  22. ^ "Lost Dad's Army episode to be released as an animation". chortle.co.uk. 7 January 2016. Retrieved 7 January 2016.

External links

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