Parallel Universe (Red Dwarf) - Revision history

Kurt: /* Reception */

2023-02-12T17:41:28Z

Reception

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:41, 12 February 2023
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	The episode was originally broadcast on the British television channel [[BBC Two\|BBC2]] on 4 October 1988 in the 9:00 pm evening slot.<ref name="BBC Programme Catalogue RED DWARF – PARALLEL UNIVERSE">{{cite web \| url =http://catalogue.bbc.co.uk/catalogue/infax/programme/NMRE806P \| title =BBC Programme Catalogue – RED DWARF – PARALLEL UNIVERSE \| publisher =BBC \| access-date =2007-12-10 }}{{Dead link\|date=July 2022 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The episode was considered the best from Series II according to a readers' poll in ''Red Dwarf'' magazine, with 5.6% rating.<ref name="Red Dwarf Smegazine Survey Results">Red Dwarf Smegazine Survey Results, Red Dwarf Smegazine, issue 10, December 1992, Fleetway Editions Ltd, ISSN 0965-5603</ref> Series II was met with great critical success, even with average viewing figures of around 3 million, so a third series was very likely.<ref name="Red Dwarf series II Aftermath">{{cite web\|url=http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/deck05/series_2/aftermath.html \|title=Red Dwarf series II Aftermath \|publisher=reddwarf.co.uk \|access-date=2008-01-07 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080104013110/http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/deck05/series_2/aftermath.html \|archive-date=4 January 2008 \|url-status=dead }}</ref>		The episode was originally broadcast on the British television channel [[BBC Two\|BBC2]] on 4 October 1988 in the 9:00 pm evening slot.<ref name="BBC Programme Catalogue RED DWARF – PARALLEL UNIVERSE">{{cite web \| url =http://catalogue.bbc.co.uk/catalogue/infax/programme/NMRE806P \| title =BBC Programme Catalogue – RED DWARF – PARALLEL UNIVERSE \| publisher =BBC \| access-date =2007-12-10 }}{{Dead link\|date=July 2022 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The episode was considered the best from Series II according to a readers' poll in ''Red Dwarf'' magazine, with 5.6% rating.<ref name="Red Dwarf Smegazine Survey Results">Red Dwarf Smegazine Survey Results, Red Dwarf Smegazine, issue 10, December 1992, Fleetway Editions Ltd, ISSN 0965-5603</ref> Series II was met with great critical success, even with average viewing figures of around 3 million, so a third series was very likely.<ref name="Red Dwarf series II Aftermath">{{cite web\|url=http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/deck05/series_2/aftermath.html \|title=Red Dwarf series II Aftermath \|publisher=reddwarf.co.uk \|access-date=2008-01-07 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080104013110/http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/deck05/series_2/aftermath.html \|archive-date=4 January 2008 \|url-status=dead }}</ref>

	The song "Tongue Tied", which features in the Cat's opening dream sequence, was received so well that it was later released as a single. It was re-arranged and re-recorded by [[Danny John Jules]] (under the name 'The Cat') and released in October 1993. It reached number 17 in the UK charts.<ref name="everyHit.com – UK Top 40 Chart Archive, British Singles & Album Charts">{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyhit.co.uk/searchsec.php \|title=everyHit.com – UK Top 40 Chart Archive, British Singles & Album Charts \|publisher=everyhit.co.uk \|access-date=2007-12-19 }}</ref> A video to accompany the release which starred Danny John-Jules as some of his ''Red Dwarf'' alter-egos, including [[Duane Dibbley]], was also produced. It was based around a storyline written by Danny John-Jules and featured music videos for some of the remixes, with guest appearances from the rest of the ''Red Dwarf'' cast, along with Clayton Mark ("Elvis" in "[[Meltdown (Red Dwarf)\|Meltdown]]") and Charles Augins (Queeg 500 in "[[Queeg (Red Dwarf)\|Queeg]]").		The song "Tongue Tied", which features in the Cat's opening dream sequence, was received so well that it was later released as a single. It was re-arranged and re-recorded by [[Danny John Jules]] (under the name 'The Cat') and released in October 1993. It reached number 17 in the UK charts.<ref name="everyHit.com – UK Top 40 Chart Archive, British Singles & Album Charts">{{cite web\|url=http://www.everyhit.co.uk/searchsec.php \|title=everyHit.com – UK Top 40 Chart Archive, British Singles & Album Charts \|publisher=everyhit.co.uk \|access-date=2007-12-19 }}</ref> A video to accompany the release which starred Danny John-Jules as some of his ''Red Dwarf'' alter-egos, including [[List of Red Dwarf characters#Duane Dibbley\|Duane Dibbley]], was also produced. It was based around a storyline written by Danny John-Jules and featured music videos for some of the remixes, with guest appearances from the rest of the ''Red Dwarf'' cast, along with Clayton Mark ("Elvis" in "[[Meltdown (Red Dwarf)\|Meltdown]]") and Charles Augins (Queeg 500 in "[[Queeg (Red Dwarf)\|Queeg]]").

	==Remastering==		==Remastering==

Kurt at 17:38, 12 February 2023

2023-02-12T17:38:34Z

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	~~{{Use dmy dates\|date=September 2021}}~~
	{{Infobox television episode		{{Infobox television episode
	\| series = [[Red Dwarf]]		\| series = [[Red Dwarf]]
	\| image = Red dwarf series ii group.jpg		\| image = Red dwarf series ii group.jpg
	~~\| image_size = 250px~~
	\| caption = The crew use the Holly Hop Drive to go back to Earth, but instead are transported to a parallel universe		\| caption = The crew use the Holly Hop Drive to go back to Earth, but instead are transported to a parallel universe
	\| series_no = 2		\| series_no = 2
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	== External links ==		== External links ==
	~~{{Wikiquote\|Red_Dwarf#.22Parallel_Universe.22\|Parallel Universe}}~~
	*{{BBC episode\|p00b8qy6\|Parallel Universe}}		*{{BBC episode\|p00b8qy6\|Parallel Universe}}
	*{{IMDb episode\|0684169\|Parallel Universe}}		*{{IMDb episode\|0684169\|Parallel Universe}}

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{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}}
{{Infobox television episode
| series = [[Red Dwarf]]
| image = Red dwarf series ii group.jpg
| image_size = 250px
| caption = The crew use the Holly Hop Drive to go back to Earth, but instead are transported to a parallel universe
| series_no = 2
| episode = 6
| director = [[Ed Bye]]
| writer = [[Rob Grant]] & [[Doug Naylor]]
| airdate = {{Start date|1988|10|11|df=y}}
| guests = {{Plainlist |
* [[Suzanne Bertish]] as Arlene Rimmer
* [[Angela Bruce]] as Deb Lister
* Matthew Devitt as The Dog
* [[Hattie Hayridge]] as Hilly }}
| prev = [[Queeg (Red Dwarf)|Queeg]]
| next = [[Backwards (Red Dwarf)|Backwards]]
| episode_list = List of Red Dwarf episodes
}}
"'''Parallel Universe'''" is the sixth episode of [[science fiction]] [[sitcom]] ''[[Red Dwarf]]'' series two,<ref name="British Sitcom Guide – Red Dwarf – Series 2">{{cite web | url =http://www.sitcom.co.uk/red_dwarf/series2.shtml | title =British Sitcom Guide – Red Dwarf – Series 2 | publisher =sitcom.co.uk |access-date =2008-01-24}}</ref> and the twelfth in the show's run.<ref name="TV.com – Parallel Universe summary">{{cite web | url =http://www.tv.com/red-dwarf/parallel-universe/episode/10956/summary.html | title =TV.com – Parallel Universe summary | publisher =tv.com |access-date =2008-01-24}}</ref> It premiered on the British television channel [[BBC Two|BBC2]] on 11 October 1988. Written by [[Rob Grant]] and [[Doug Naylor]], and directed by [[Ed Bye]], the plot involves the ''Red Dwarf'' crew travelling to a [[parallel universe (fiction)|parallel universe]] where they meet alternative versions of themselves. This marked the final appearance of [[Norman Lovett]] as Holly, although he would return years later at the end of Series VII and then for the whole of Series VIII. The episode was [[remastered|re-mastered]], along with the rest of the first three series, in 1998.

==Plot==
[[Holly (Red Dwarf)|Holly]] invents a new drive system called the "Holly Hop Drive", declaring that it can theoretically get ''Red Dwarf'' back to Earth in an instant. When [[Arnold Rimmer]], [[Dave Lister]] and [[Cat (Red Dwarf)|Cat]] decide to use the new system, it transports the ship into a parallel universe, and in proximity of a parallel version of ''Red Dwarf''. Onboard, Rimmer, Lister and Holly encounter their female counterparts – Arlene Rimmer ([[Suzanne Bertish]]), Deb Lister ([[Angela Bruce]]) and Hilly ([[Hattie Hayridge]]) – discovering that in this universe, women are the masters and superior gender, while men fought for equal rights. Cat, expecting to encounter his female counterpart, is shocked to find it to be actually a male dog-like humanoid named Dog (Matthew Devitt).<ref name="prog guide p58">Howarth & Lyons (1993) p. 58.</ref>

Holly and Hilly reveal that they need a day to repair the Hop Drive, leaving the two groups to decide to socialise in the disco for the night. Lister and Rimmer are soon put off by their counterparts – the former criticising Deb on her qualities despite sharing them himself, and the latter resisting Arlene's overbearing sexual advances – while Cat and Dog disagree on dance techniques. Despite this, Lister has sex with Deb, but is shocked in the morning when Arlene points out that men in their universe get pregnant, rather than women. After Holly and Hilly confirm this, Lister becomes horrified that this universe's rules will ensure this. After he, Rimmer, Cat and Holly return to their ''Red Dwarf'' and universe, Lister conducts a pregnancy test. As he waits for the results, Holly speculates that this might be the answer to how he saw a "[[Future Echoes|future echo]]" of himself with twin boys, to which Rimmer delights in how he recalled Lister's response to finding it out and the results eventually coming back positive, much to Lister's dismay.<ref name="prog guide p59">Howarth & Lyons (1993) p. 59.</ref>

==Production==

===''Tongue Tied'' {{anchor|tonguetied}}===
For time reasons, "Parallel Universe" was shown without its opening credit sequence, and was originally shown with no episode titles at all,<ref name="Red Dwarf Deries II Production">{{cite web|url=http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/deck05/series_2/production.html |title=Red Dwarf Deries II Production |publisher=reddwarf.co.uk |access-date=2008-01-07 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061006082642/http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/deck05/series_2/production.html |archive-date=6 October 2006 }}</ref> although the introduction sequence would later be added in the remastered version.<ref name="Red Dwarf Series II Remastering">{{cite web|url=http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/deck05/series_2/remastering.html |title=Red Dwarf Series II Remastering |publisher=reddwarf.co.uk |access-date=2008-01-07 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061006082625/http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/deck05/series_2/remastering.html |archive-date=6 October 2006 }}</ref> Instead the viewer was led straight into the Cat's song dream scene, where the Cat performs the "[[Tongue Tied (Red Dwarf song)|Tongue Tied]]" song, with Rimmer and Lister on backing vocals. The "Tongue Tied" lyrics were written by Grant and Naylor and the music was produced by [[Howard Goodall]].<ref name="Interview: Howard Goodall">Interview: Howard Goodall, Red Dwarf Smegazine, issue 10, December 1992, Fleetway Editions Ltd, ISSN 0965-5603</ref> The dance sequence, which was choreographed by [[Charles Augins]] (who appeared in the previous episode, "Queeg"), also had to be trimmed down.<ref name="Red Dwarf Deries II Music">{{cite web | url =http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/deck05/series_2/musicn.html | title =Red Dwarf Deries II Music | publisher =reddwarf.co.uk |access-date =2008-01-07}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> It proved very popular and later spawned a single release credited to the Cat,<ref name="Interview: Howard Goodall"/> reaching No. 17 in the [[UK Singles Chart]] in October 1993.<ref>[http://www.officialcharts.com/artist/_/cat/ CAT | Artist | Official Charts]</ref>

===Other===
[[File:Arlene Rimmer.jpg|thumb|right|Rimmer meets his alter-ego]]
To keep costs down existing shots of the Red Dwarf ship were matted together to give the appearance of two of them. This enabled the crew to use the finances on other model shots.<ref name="Red Dwarf Series II Effects">{{cite web|url=http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/deck05/series_2/effects.html |title=Red Dwarf Series II Effects |publisher=reddwarf.co.uk |access-date=2008-01-07 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061006082610/http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/deck05/series_2/effects.html |archive-date=6 October 2006 }}</ref> The scenes would later be recreated for the remastered version using CGI.

This was to be Norman Lovett's last appearance as Holly<ref name="Interview: Norman Lovett">Interview: Norman Lovett, Red Dwarf Smegazine, issue 9, November 1992, Fleetway Editions Ltd, ISSN 0965-5603</ref> until his brief return as the character in Series VII and full return in Series VIII some ten years later.<ref name="Back in the Red part 1 cast and crew">{{cite web | url =https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0684140/fullcredits | title =Back in the Red part 1 cast and crew | publisher =IMDb |access-date =2008-01-24}}</ref> After the end of Series 2, Lovett decided to leave the show. Having recently married and settled in [[Edinburgh]] he felt the travelling from Edinburgh to production locations in London and Manchester would prove problematic, so Lovett decided not to come to rehearsals any more – there was a conflict with the producers, and Lovett was let go. Plus there was the promise of Lovett's own TV show, ''[[I, Lovett]]'', taking off at the time.<ref name="Interview: Norman Lovett"/> [[Hattie Hayridge]] had appeared as Hilly, Holly's female counterpart, in this episode. Producer Paul Jackson had seen her on ''[[Saturday Live (UK TV series)|Saturday Live]]'' and suggested her as a replacement for Lovett.<ref name="Red Dwarf Series II Casting">{{cite web|url=http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/deck05/series_2/casting.html |title=Red Dwarf Series II Casting |publisher=reddwarf.co.uk |access-date=2008-01-07 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061006082618/http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/deck05/series_2/casting.html |archive-date=6 October 2006 }}</ref> This is also the only Red Dwarf episode that doesn't have its title come up at the beginning.

[[Angela Bruce]] played Deb Lister, [[Suzanne Bertish]] played Arlene Rimmer and Matthew Devitt played the Dog.<ref name="Parallel Universe cast and crew">{{cite web | url =https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0684169/fullcredits | title =Parallel Universe cast and crew | publisher =IMDb |access-date =2008-01-24}}</ref>

==Reception==
The episode was originally broadcast on the British television channel [[BBC Two|BBC2]] on 4 October 1988 in the 9:00 pm evening slot.<ref name="BBC Programme Catalogue RED DWARF – PARALLEL UNIVERSE">{{cite web | url =http://catalogue.bbc.co.uk/catalogue/infax/programme/NMRE806P | title =BBC Programme Catalogue – RED DWARF – PARALLEL UNIVERSE | publisher =BBC | access-date =2007-12-10 }}{{Dead link|date=July 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The episode was considered the best from Series II according to a readers' poll in ''Red Dwarf'' magazine, with 5.6% rating.<ref name="Red Dwarf Smegazine Survey Results">Red Dwarf Smegazine Survey Results, Red Dwarf Smegazine, issue 10, December 1992, Fleetway Editions Ltd, ISSN 0965-5603</ref> Series II was met with great critical success, even with average viewing figures of around 3 million, so a third series was very likely.<ref name="Red Dwarf series II Aftermath">{{cite web|url=http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/deck05/series_2/aftermath.html |title=Red Dwarf series II Aftermath |publisher=reddwarf.co.uk |access-date=2008-01-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080104013110/http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/deck05/series_2/aftermath.html |archive-date=4 January 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The song "Tongue Tied", which features in the Cat's opening dream sequence, was received so well that it was later released as a single. It was re-arranged and re-recorded by [[Danny John Jules]] (under the name 'The Cat') and released in October 1993. It reached number 17 in the UK charts.<ref name="everyHit.com – UK Top 40 Chart Archive, British Singles & Album Charts">{{cite web|url=http://www.everyhit.co.uk/searchsec.php |title=everyHit.com – UK Top 40 Chart Archive, British Singles & Album Charts |publisher=everyhit.co.uk |access-date=2007-12-19 }}</ref> A video to accompany the release which starred Danny John-Jules as some of his ''Red Dwarf'' alter-egos, including [[Duane Dibbley]], was also produced. It was based around a storyline written by Danny John-Jules and featured music videos for some of the remixes, with guest appearances from the rest of the ''Red Dwarf'' cast, along with Clayton Mark ("Elvis" in "[[Meltdown (Red Dwarf)|Meltdown]]") and Charles Augins (Queeg 500 in "[[Queeg (Red Dwarf)|Queeg]]").

==Remastering==
{{See also|Red Dwarf remastered}}

The remastering of Series I to III was carried out during the late 1990s.<ref name="Remasters of the Universe">{{cite web|url=http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/deck01/dvd_remasters_of_the_universe_221206.html |title=Remasters of the Universe |publisher=reddwarf.co.uk |access-date=2008-01-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080104012351/http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/deck01/dvd_remasters_of_the_universe_221206.html |archive-date=4 January 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Changes throughout the series included replacement of the opening credits,<ref name="Red Dwarf Series I Remastering">{{cite web|url=http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/deck05/series_1/remastering.html |title=Red Dwarf Series I Remastering |publisher=reddwarf.co.uk |access-date=2008-01-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080118140243/http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/deck05/series_1/remastering.html |archive-date=18 January 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> giving the picture a colour grade and [[filmising]],<ref name="The End Re-Mastered Commentary">{{cite video | people =Remastering Crew | title =The End Re-Mastered DVD Commentary | medium =DVD | publisher =BBC | location =Bodysnatcher DVD Boxset Red disc | date =2007 }}</ref> [[Computer-generated imagery|computer generated]] [[special effects]] of ''Red Dwarf''<ref name="Re-Dwarf">{{cite video | people =Remastering Crew | title ='Re-Dwarf' Documentary | medium =DVD | publisher =BBC | location =Bodysnatcher DVD Boxset Red disc | date =2007 }}</ref> and many more visual and audio enhancements.<ref name="Re-Dwarf"/> Changes made specific to "Parallel Universe" include the addition of video and sound effects of ''Red Dwarf'' jumping into the parallel universe. The shots of the twin ''Red Dwarf'' ships side by side have been replaced with the new CGI versions. Video and sound effects of ''Red Dwarf'' jumping back into its own universe were added.<ref name="Parallel Universe text commentary">{{cite video | people =Remastering Crew | title =Parallel Universe text commentary | medium =DVD | publisher =BBC | location =Bodysnatcher DVD Boxset, Blue disc | date =2007 }}</ref>

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
* {{cite book |last=Howarth |first=Chris |author2=Steve Lyons |title=Red Dwarf Programme Guide |year=1993 |publisher=Virgin Books |isbn=0-86369-682-1 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/reddwarfprogramm0000howa }}

== External links ==
{{Wikiquote|Red_Dwarf#.22Parallel_Universe.22|Parallel Universe}}
*{{BBC episode|p00b8qy6|Parallel Universe}}
*{{IMDb episode|0684169|Parallel Universe}}
*[http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/guide/index.cfm?sectionID=behind-the-scenes&seriesID=2 Episode Guide – Series II at RedDwarf.co.uk]

{{Red Dwarf episodes}}

[[Category:Red Dwarf II episodes]]
[[Category:1988 British television episodes]]
[[Category:Television episodes about parallel universes]]