Flatulence - Revision history

Kurt at 04:56, 13 February 2023

2023-02-13T04:56:37Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:56, 12 February 2023
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	~~{{Short description\|Bodily function of expelling intestinal gas out of the anus}}~~
	~~{{Use mdy dates\|date=August 2015}}~~
	{{Infobox medical condition (new)		{{Infobox medical condition (new)
	\| name = Flatulence		\| name = Flatulence
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	\| caption = Illustration of man suffering from "wind"		\| caption = Illustration of man suffering from "wind"
	\| pronounce =		\| pronounce =
	\| field = [[w:Gastroenterology\|Gastroenterology]]		\| field = [[Gastroenterology\|Gastroenterology]]
	\| symptoms =		\| symptoms =
	\| complications =		\| complications =
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	Researchers investigating the role of sensory nerve endings in the anal canal did not find them to be essential for retaining fluids in the anus, and instead speculate that their role may be to distinguish between flatus and faeces, thereby helping detect a need to defecate or to signal the end of defecation.<ref>{{cite journal \|author=Read, M. G. \|author2=Read, N. W. \|title=Role of anorectal sensation in preserving continence \|journal=[[Gut (journal)\|Gut]] \|year=1982 \|volume=23 \|pages=345–47 \|doi=10.1136/gut.23.4.345 \|pmid=7076012 \|pmc=1419736\|issue=4}}</ref>		Researchers investigating the role of sensory nerve endings in the anal canal did not find them to be essential for retaining fluids in the anus, and instead speculate that their role may be to distinguish between flatus and faeces, thereby helping detect a need to defecate or to signal the end of defecation.<ref>{{cite journal \|author=Read, M. G. \|author2=Read, N. W. \|title=Role of anorectal sensation in preserving continence \|journal=[[Gut (journal)\|Gut]] \|year=1982 \|volume=23 \|pages=345–47 \|doi=10.1136/gut.23.4.345 \|pmid=7076012 \|pmc=1419736\|issue=4}}</ref>

	The sound varies depending on the tightness of the sphincter [[muscle]] and [[velocity]] of the [[gas]] being propelled, as well as other factors, such as water and body fat. The auditory pitch (sound) of the flatulence outburst can also be affected by the anal [[embouchure]]. Among humans, flatulence occasionally happens accidentally, such as incidentally to [[cough]]ing or [[sneezing]] or during [[orgasm]]; on other occasions, flatulence can be voluntarily elicited by tensing the rectum or "bearing down" on stomach or bowel muscles and subsequently relaxing the anal sphincter, resulting in the expulsion of flatus.~~{{Citation needed\|date=September 2021}}~~		The sound varies depending on the tightness of the sphincter [[muscle]] and [[velocity]] of the [[gas]] being propelled, as well as other factors, such as water and body fat. The auditory pitch (sound) of the flatulence outburst can also be affected by the anal [[embouchure]]. Among humans, flatulence occasionally happens accidentally, such as incidentally to [[cough]]ing or [[sneezing]] or during [[orgasm]]; on other occasions, flatulence can be voluntarily elicited by tensing the rectum or "bearing down" on stomach or bowel muscles and subsequently relaxing the anal sphincter, resulting in the expulsion of flatus.

	==Management==		==Management==
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	===Incontinence===		===Incontinence===
	Flatus incontinence where there is involuntary passage of gas, is a type of [[w:faecal incontinence\|faecal incontinence]], and is managed similarly.		Flatus incontinence where there is involuntary passage of gas, is a type of [[faecal incontinence\|faecal incontinence]], and is managed similarly.

	==Society and culture==		==Society and culture==
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	===Entertainment===		===Entertainment===
	Historical comment on the ability to fart at will is observed as early as [[w:Augustine of Hippo\|Saint Augustine]]'s ''[[w:City of God (book)\|The City of God]]'' (5th century A.D.). Augustine mentions men who "have such command of their bowels, that they can break wind continuously at will, so as to produce the effect of singing".<ref>{{cite book \|title=The City of God Against the Pagans \|others=Philip Levine, editor and translator \|location=Cambridge, Massachusetts \|publisher=[[w:Harvard University Press\|Harvard University Press]] \|year=1966}}, XIV.24.</ref> Intentional passing of gas and its use as entertainment for others appear to have been somewhat well known in pre-modern Europe, according to mentions of it in medieval and later literature, including [[w:Rabelais\|Rabelais]].		Historical comment on the ability to fart at will is observed as early as [[Augustine of Hippo\|Saint Augustine]]'s ''[[City of God (book)\|The City of God]]'' (5th century A.D.). Augustine mentions men who "have such command of their bowels, that they can break wind continuously at will, so as to produce the effect of singing".<ref>{{cite book \|title=The City of God Against the Pagans \|others=Philip Levine, editor and translator \|location=Cambridge, Massachusetts \|publisher=[[Harvard University Press\|Harvard University Press]] \|year=1966}}, XIV.24.</ref> Intentional passing of gas and its use as entertainment for others appear to have been somewhat well known in pre-modern Europe, according to mentions of it in medieval and later literature, including [[Rabelais\|Rabelais]].

	[[w:Le Pétomane\|Le Pétomane]] ("the Fartomaniac") was a famous French performer in the 19th century who, as well as many [[w:Flatulist\|professional farter]]s before him, did flatulence impressions and held shows. The performer [[w:Mr. Methane\|Mr. Methane]] carries on le Pétomane's tradition today. Also, a 2002 fiction film ''[[w:Thunderpants]]'' revolves around a boy named Patrick Smash who has an ongoing flatulence problem from the time of his birth.		[[Le Pétomane\|Le Pétomane]] ("the Fartomaniac") was a famous French performer in the 19th century who, as well as many [[Flatulist\|professional farter]]s before him, did flatulence impressions and held shows. The performer [[Mr. Methane\|Mr. Methane]] carries on le Pétomane's tradition today. Also, a 2002 fiction film ''[[Thunderpants]]'' revolves around a boy named Patrick Smash who has an ongoing flatulence problem from the time of his birth.

	In literature, farting features prominently in the novel ''[[w:The Catcher in the Rye\|The Catcher in the Rye]]''.<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Salinger \|first1=J. D. \|title=The Catcher in the Rye \|date=1951 \|publisher=Penguin \|location=London \|isbn=9780140237504}}, Chapter 3</ref> Since the 1970s, farting has increasingly been featured in film, especially comedies such as ''[[w:Blazing Saddles\|Blazing Saddles]]'' and ''[[w:Scooby-Doo (film)\|Scooby-Doo]]''.		In literature, farting features prominently in the novel ''[[The Catcher in the Rye\|The Catcher in the Rye]]''.<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Salinger \|first1=J. D. \|title=The Catcher in the Rye \|date=1951 \|publisher=Penguin \|location=London \|isbn=9780140237504}}, Chapter 3</ref> Since the 1970s, farting has increasingly been featured in film, especially comedies such as ''[[Blazing Saddles\|Blazing Saddles]]'' and ''[[Scooby-Doo (film)\|Scooby-Doo]]''.

	===Religion===		===Religion===
	In Islam, flatulence, if audible or odorous, invalidates ''[[w:wudu\|wudu]]'' (ritual purity).<ref>[http://www.sunniforum.com/forum/showthread.php?77168-Wudu-and-Passing-Wind Wudu and Passing Wind]. sunniforum.com (2011-09-03) {{webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150515073210/http://www.sunniforum.com/forum/showthread.php?77168-Wudu-and-Passing-Wind \|date=May 15, 2015 }}</ref>		In Islam, flatulence, if audible or odorous, invalidates ''[[wudu\|wudu]]'' (ritual purity).<ref>[http://www.sunniforum.com/forum/showthread.php?77168-Wudu-and-Passing-Wind Wudu and Passing Wind]. sunniforum.com (2011-09-03) {{webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150515073210/http://www.sunniforum.com/forum/showthread.php?77168-Wudu-and-Passing-Wind \|date=May 15, 2015 }}</ref>

	==Personal experiences==		==Personal experiences==
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	==See also==		==See also==
	{{col div\|colwidth=30em}}		{{col div\|colwidth=30em}}
	* [[w:Tympanites\|Tympanites]]		* [[Tympanites\|Tympanites]]
	* [[w:Antiflatulent\|Antiflatulent]]		* [[Antiflatulent\|Antiflatulent]]
	* [[w:Armpit fart\|Armpit fart]]		* [[Armpit fart\|Armpit fart]]
	* [[w:Borborygmus\|Borborygmus]]		* [[Borborygmus\|Borborygmus]]
	* ''[[w:The Gas We Pass\|The Gas We Pass]]''		* ''[[The Gas We Pass\|The Gas We Pass]]''
	* [[w:Fart lighting\|Fart lighting]]		* [[Fart lighting\|Fart lighting]]
	* [[w:Eproctophilia\|Eproctophilia]]		* [[Eproctophilia\|Eproctophilia]]
	* [[w:Ralph L. Obendorf\|Ralph L. Obendorf]], for the importance of flatulence-causing oligosaccharides to the seed that contains them.		* [[Ralph L. Obendorf\|Ralph L. Obendorf]], for the importance of flatulence-causing oligosaccharides to the seed that contains them.
	{{colend}}		{{colend}}

Kurt at 21:48, 27 December 2022

2022-12-27T21:48:01Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:48, 27 December 2022
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	\| deaths =		\| deaths =
	}}		}}

			''Farts are funny''.

	'''Flatulence''' is defined in the medical literature as "flatus expelled through the [[anus]]" or the "quality or state of being flatulent",<ref>{{cite dictionary \|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/flatulence \|title=Flatulence \|dictionary=[[Merriam-Webster]] \|access-date=August 24, 2015}}</ref> which is defined in turn as "marked by or affected with gases generated in the intestine or stomach; likely to cause digestive flatulence".<ref>{{cite dictionary \|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/flatulent \|title=Medical Dictionary: Flatulent \|dictionary=[[Merriam-Webster]] \|access-date=August 24, 2015}}</ref> The root of these words is from the Latin {{lang\|la\|flatus}} – "a blowing, a breaking wind".<ref>{{cite dictionary \|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=flatulent \|title=Flatulent \|dictionary=[[Online Etymological Dictionary]] \|access-date=August 24, 2015}}</ref> Flatus is also the medical word for gas generated in the [[stomach]] or bowels.<ref>{{cite dictionary \|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/flatus \|title=Medical Dictionary: Flatus \|dictionary=[[Merriam-Webster]] \|access-date=August 24, 2015}}</ref> Despite these standard definitions, a proportion of intestinal gas may be swallowed environmental air, and hence flatus is not totally generated in the stomach or bowels. The scientific study of this area of medicine is termed '''flatology'''.<ref name="Tangerman 2009" />		'''Flatulence''' is defined in the medical literature as "flatus expelled through the [[anus]]" or the "quality or state of being flatulent",<ref>{{cite dictionary \|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/flatulence \|title=Flatulence \|dictionary=[[Merriam-Webster]] \|access-date=August 24, 2015}}</ref> which is defined in turn as "marked by or affected with gases generated in the intestine or stomach; likely to cause digestive flatulence".<ref>{{cite dictionary \|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/flatulent \|title=Medical Dictionary: Flatulent \|dictionary=[[Merriam-Webster]] \|access-date=August 24, 2015}}</ref> The root of these words is from the Latin {{lang\|la\|flatus}} – "a blowing, a breaking wind".<ref>{{cite dictionary \|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=flatulent \|title=Flatulent \|dictionary=[[Online Etymological Dictionary]] \|access-date=August 24, 2015}}</ref> Flatus is also the medical word for gas generated in the [[stomach]] or bowels.<ref>{{cite dictionary \|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/flatus \|title=Medical Dictionary: Flatus \|dictionary=[[Merriam-Webster]] \|access-date=August 24, 2015}}</ref> Despite these standard definitions, a proportion of intestinal gas may be swallowed environmental air, and hence flatus is not totally generated in the stomach or bowels. The scientific study of this area of medicine is termed '''flatology'''.<ref name="Tangerman 2009" />

Kurt: /* Pain and bloating */

2022-12-27T21:46:47Z

Pain and bloating

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:46, 27 December 2022
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	===Pain and bloating===		===Pain and bloating===
	~~{{Main\|Abdominal distension\|Bloating}}~~
	While not affecting the production of the gases themselves, [[surfactants]] (agents that lower [[surface tension]]) can reduce the disagreeable sensations associated with flatulence, by aiding the dissolution of the gases into liquid and solid faecal matter.<ref name="brecevic">{{cite journal \|vauthors=Brecević L, Bosan-Kilibarda I, Strajnar F \|title=Mechanism of antifoaming action of simethicone \|journal=[[Journal of Applied Toxicology]] \|volume=14 \|issue=3 \|pages=207–11 \|year=1994 \|pmid=8083482 \|doi=10.1002/jat.2550140311\|s2cid=7453218 }}		While not affecting the production of the gases themselves, [[surfactants]] (agents that lower [[surface tension]]) can reduce the disagreeable sensations associated with flatulence, by aiding the dissolution of the gases into liquid and solid faecal matter.<ref name="brecevic">{{cite journal \|vauthors=Brecević L, Bosan-Kilibarda I, Strajnar F \|title=Mechanism of antifoaming action of simethicone \|journal=[[Journal of Applied Toxicology]] \|volume=14 \|issue=3 \|pages=207–11 \|year=1994 \|pmid=8083482 \|doi=10.1002/jat.2550140311\|s2cid=7453218 }}
	</ref> Preparations containing [[simethicone]] reportedly operate by promoting the coalescence of smaller bubbles into larger ones more easily passed from the body, either by [[burp]]ing or flatulence. Such preparations do not decrease the total amount of gas generated in or passed from the colon, but make the bubbles larger and thereby allowing them to be passed more easily.<ref name="brecevic" />		</ref> Preparations containing [[simethicone]] reportedly operate by promoting the coalescence of smaller bubbles into larger ones more easily passed from the body, either by [[burp]]ing or flatulence. Such preparations do not decrease the total amount of gas generated in or passed from the colon, but make the bubbles larger and thereby allowing them to be passed more easily.<ref name="brecevic" />

Kurt: /* Volume */

2022-12-27T21:46:18Z

Volume

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:46, 27 December 2022
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	===Volume===		===Volume===
	~~{{Main\|Antiflatulent\|Carminative}}~~
	One method of reducing the volume of flatus produced is dietary modification, reducing the amount of fermentable carbohydrates. This is the theory behind diets such as the [[low-FODMAP diet]] (a diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, alcohols, and polyols).<ref name="Staudacher 2011">{{cite journal \|last=Staudacher \|first=HM \|author2=Whelan, K \|author3=Irving, PM \|author4= Lomer, MC \|title=Comparison of symptom response following advice for a diet low in fermentable carbohydrates (FODMAPs) versus standard dietary advice in patients with irritable bowel syndrome \|journal=Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics \|date=October 2011 \|volume=24 \|issue=5 \|pages=487–95 \|pmid=21615553 \|doi=10.1111/j.1365-277X.2011.01162.x}}</ref>		One method of reducing the volume of flatus produced is dietary modification, reducing the amount of fermentable carbohydrates. This is the theory behind diets such as the [[low-FODMAP diet]] (a diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, alcohols, and polyols).<ref name="Staudacher 2011">{{cite journal \|last=Staudacher \|first=HM \|author2=Whelan, K \|author3=Irving, PM \|author4= Lomer, MC \|title=Comparison of symptom response following advice for a diet low in fermentable carbohydrates (FODMAPs) versus standard dietary advice in patients with irritable bowel syndrome \|journal=Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics \|date=October 2011 \|volume=24 \|issue=5 \|pages=487–95 \|pmid=21615553 \|doi=10.1111/j.1365-277X.2011.01162.x}}</ref>

Kurt: /* Incontinence */

2022-12-27T21:45:46Z

Incontinence

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:45, 27 December 2022
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	===Incontinence===		===Incontinence===
	~~{{Main\|Faecal incontinence}}~~		Flatus incontinence where there is involuntary passage of gas, is a type of [[w:faecal incontinence\|faecal incontinence]], and is managed similarly.
	Flatus incontinence where there is involuntary passage of gas, is a type of [[faecal incontinence]], and is managed similarly.

	==Society and culture==		==Society and culture==

Kurt: /* See also */

2022-12-27T21:45:12Z

Kurt: /* Religion */

2022-12-27T21:43:57Z

Religion

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:43, 27 December 2022
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	===Religion===		===Religion===
			In Islam, flatulence, if audible or odorous, invalidates ''[[w:wudu\|wudu]]'' (ritual purity).<ref>[http://www.sunniforum.com/forum/showthread.php?77168-Wudu-and-Passing-Wind Wudu and Passing Wind]. sunniforum.com (2011-09-03) {{webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150515073210/http://www.sunniforum.com/forum/showthread.php?77168-Wudu-and-Passing-Wind \|date=May 15, 2015 }}</ref>
	In Islam, flatulence, if audible or odorous, invalidates ''[[wudu]]'' (ritual purity).<ref>[http://www.sunniforum.com/forum/showthread.php?77168-Wudu-and-Passing-Wind Wudu and Passing Wind]. sunniforum.com (2011-09-03) {{webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150515073210/http://www.sunniforum.com/forum/showthread.php?77168-Wudu-and-Passing-Wind \|date=May 15, 2015 }}</ref>~~{{better source needed\|reason=Source given is an open forum\|date=December 2015}}~~

	==Personal experiences==		==Personal experiences==

Kurt: /* Entertainment */

2022-12-27T21:43:12Z

Entertainment

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:43, 27 December 2022
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	===Entertainment===		===Entertainment===
	{{~~Main~~\|~~Flatulist~~}}		Historical comment on the ability to fart at will is observed as early as [[w:Augustine of Hippo\|Saint Augustine]]'s ''[[w:City of God (book)\|The City of God]]'' (5th century A.D.). Augustine mentions men who "have such command of their bowels, that they can break wind continuously at will, so as to produce the effect of singing".<ref>{{cite book \|title=The City of God Against the Pagans \|others=Philip Levine, editor and translator \|location=Cambridge, Massachusetts \|publisher=[[w:Harvard University Press\|Harvard University Press]] \|year=1966}}, XIV.24.</ref> Intentional passing of gas and its use as entertainment for others appear to have been somewhat well known in pre-modern Europe, according to mentions of it in medieval and later literature, including [[w:Rabelais\|Rabelais]].

	~~Historical comment on the ability to fart at will is observed as early as~~ [[~~Augustine of Hippo~~\|~~Saint Augustine~~]]~~'s ''[[City of God~~ (~~book~~)~~\|The City of God]]'' (5th~~ century ~~A.D.). Augustine mentions men~~ who ~~"have such command of their bowels~~, ~~that they can break wind continuously at will, so~~ as ~~to produce the effect of singing".<ref>{{cite book~~ \|~~title=The City of God Against the Pagans \|others=Philip Levine~~, ~~editor~~ and ~~translator \|location=Cambridge, Massachusetts \|publisher=~~[[~~Harvard University Press~~]] ~~\|year=1966}}, XIV~~.~~24.</ref> Intentional passing of gas and its use as entertainment for others appear to have been somewhat well known in pre-modern Europe~~, ~~according to mentions of it in medieval and later literature, including~~ [[~~Rabelais~~]].		[[w:Le Pétomane\|Le Pétomane]] ("the Fartomaniac") was a famous French performer in the 19th century who, as well as many [[w:Flatulist\|professional farter]]s before him, did flatulence impressions and held shows. The performer [[w:Mr. Methane\|Mr. Methane]] carries on le Pétomane's tradition today. Also, a 2002 fiction film ''[[w:Thunderpants]]'' revolves around a boy named Patrick Smash who has an ongoing flatulence problem from the time of his birth.

	[[Le Pétomane]] ("the Fartomaniac") was a famous French performer in the 19th century who, as well as many [[Flatulist\|professional farter]]s before him, did flatulence impressions and held shows. The performer [[Mr. Methane]] carries on le Pétomane's tradition today. Also, a 2002 fiction film ''[[Thunderpants]]'' revolves around a boy named Patrick Smash who has an ongoing flatulence problem from the time of his birth.{{Citation needed\|date=August 2021}}		In literature, farting features prominently in the novel ''[[w:The Catcher in the Rye\|The Catcher in the Rye]]''.<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Salinger \|first1=J. D. \|title=The Catcher in the Rye \|date=1951 \|publisher=Penguin \|location=London \|isbn=9780140237504}}, Chapter 3</ref> Since the 1970s, farting has increasingly been featured in film, especially comedies such as ''[[w:Blazing Saddles\|Blazing Saddles]]'' and ''[[w:Scooby-Doo (film)\|Scooby-Doo]]''.

	In literature, farting features prominently in the novel ''[[The Catcher in the Rye]]''.<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Salinger \|first1=J. D. \|title=The Catcher in the Rye \|date=1951 \|publisher=Penguin \|location=London \|isbn=9780140237504}}, Chapter 3</ref>~~{{Failed verification\|date=August 2021}}~~ Since the 1970s, farting has increasingly been featured in film, especially comedies such as ''[[Blazing Saddles]]'' and ''[[Scooby-Doo (film)\|Scooby-Doo]]''.~~{{Citation needed\|date=August 2021}}~~

	===Religion===		===Religion===

Kurt: /* External links */

2022-12-27T21:40:09Z

External links

@@ Line 205: / Line 205: @@
 == External links ==
 * [http://www.merck.com/mmpe/sec02/ch008/ch008d.html The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy, Gas]
 * [http://www.sillyjokes.co.uk/fart-dictionary Dictionary of Fart Slang]
 * [https://flatology.com/ Invisible College of Experimental Flatology]
 [[Category:Flatulence| ]]
@@ Line 230: / Line 213: @@
 [[Category:Digestive system]]
 [[Category:Methane]]

Kurt at 20:11, 20 September 2022

2022-09-20T20:11:42Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:11, 20 September 2022
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	\| caption = Illustration of man suffering from "wind"		\| caption = Illustration of man suffering from "wind"
	\| pronounce =		\| pronounce =
	\| field = [[Gastroenterology]]		\| field = [[w:Gastroenterology\|Gastroenterology]]
	\| symptoms =		\| symptoms =
	\| complications =		\| complications =

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:45, 27 December 2022
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	==See also==		==See also==
	~~{{Portal\|Biology}}~~
	{{col div\|colwidth=30em}}		{{col div\|colwidth=30em}}
	* [[Tympanites]]		* [[w:Tympanites\|Tympanites]]
	* [[Antiflatulent]]		* [[w:Antiflatulent\|Antiflatulent]]
	* [[Armpit fart]]		* [[w:Armpit fart\|Armpit fart]]
	* [[Borborygmus]]		* [[w:Borborygmus\|Borborygmus]]
	* ''[[The Gas We Pass]]''		* ''[[w:The Gas We Pass\|The Gas We Pass]]''
	* [[Fart lighting]]		* [[w:Fart lighting\|Fart lighting]]
	* [[Eproctophilia]]		* [[w:Eproctophilia\|Eproctophilia]]
	* [[Ralph L. Obendorf]], for the importance of flatulence-causing oligosaccharides to the seed that contains them.		* [[w:Ralph L. Obendorf\|Ralph L. Obendorf]], for the importance of flatulence-causing oligosaccharides to the seed that contains them.
	{{colend}}		{{colend}}