Kurt at 21:28, 14 March 2023

2023-03-14T21:28:08Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:28, 14 March 2023
Line 1:		Line 1:
	~~{{about\|the 1995 documentary series\|other television works with a similar title\|Crusade (disambiguation)#Television}}~~
	~~{{more citations needed\|date=January 2017}}~~
	~~{{Use dmy dates\|date=February 2021}}~~
	{{Infobox television		{{Infobox television
	\| alt_name = Terry Jones' Crusades		\| alt_name = Terry Jones' Crusades
Line 68:		Line 65:
	==External links==		==External links==
	*{{IMDb title\|id=0111931}}		*{{IMDb title\|id=0111931}}

	~~{{Terry Jones history series}}~~

	[[Category:1995 British television series debuts]]		[[Category:1995 British television series debuts]]

Kurt: 1 revision imported

2023-03-14T20:43:59Z

1 revision imported

← Older revision	Revision as of 15:43, 14 March 2023
(No difference)

en>Butlerblog: /* top */remove obsolete first_run param (see :Template:Infobox television)

2022-06-15T14:30:25Z

top: remove obsolete first_run param (see Template:Infobox television)

New page

{{about|the 1995 documentary series|other television works with a similar title|Crusade (disambiguation)#Television}}
{{more citations needed|date=January 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{Infobox television
| alt_name = Terry Jones' Crusades
| image =
| caption =
| genre = [[documentary television series|Documentary]]
| creator =
| writer = {{unbulleted list|[[Alan Ereira]] | [[Terry Jones]]}}
| director = {{unbulleted list|[[Alan Ereira]] | [[David Wallace (director)|David Wallace]]}}
| creative_director =
| developer =
| presenter = [[Terry Jones]]
| starring =
| voices =
| narrated =
| theme_music_composer =
| opentheme =
| endtheme =
| composer = [[José Nieto (actor)|José Nieto]]
| country = United Kingdom
| language = English
| num_seasons = 1
| num_episodes = 4
| list_episodes = 
| distributor = [[BBC Entertainment]]
| executive_producer =
| producer =
| editor =
| location =
| cinematography =
| runtime = 
| channel = [[BBC Two|BBC2]]
| picture_format = [[4:3]]
| audio_format = [[Stereophonic sound|Stereo]]
| first_aired = {{Start date|1995|01|10|df=yes}}
| last_aired = {{End date|1995|01|31|df=yes}}

| preceded_by =
| followed_by =
| related = {{nowrap|[[Terry Jones' Medieval Lives]]}}

}}

'''''Crusades''''' is a 1995 historical documentary series presented by [[Terry Jones]]. It looked at The [[Crusades]] and used elements of [[black comedy]]. Prominent figures are depicted by actors wearing masks and costumes making to appear as living images in the style of their cultures. Emperor [[Alexios I Komnenos|Alexios I]], for example, appears as a [[Byzantine mosaic]], while European and Muslim figures are brought to life by actors appearing in the style of medieval and near eastern miniatures. At times, production is deliberately anachronistic, such as showing the use of 1930s style [[newsreel]]s by the Church to drum up mass support for the Crusades.

==Episodes==

===1. "Pilgrims in Arms"===
The first episode recounts Byzantine [[Alexios I Komnenos|Emperor Alexius]]'s appeal to [[Pope Urban II]] for military aid with which to fight Muslim Turks. The Pope uses the request to drum up popular support for the creation of a Christian army, with the mission of liberating Jerusalem. European knights, recently converted to Christianity, eagerly join the Crusade. The crusader army is preceded by the [[People's Crusade]], a mass migration incited to go to Jerusalem by [[Peter the Hermit]]. Recounted are massacres of Jews in [[Worms, Germany|Worms]] and [[Cologne]] The People's Crusade is crushed by Turks after the catastrophic [[Siege of Xerigordos]] and the [[Battle of Civetot]]. [[Kilij Arslan I]], the Seljuq Sultan, emboldened by the quick end of the People's Crusade, underestimates the crusader army when it appears, and suffers defeat against them. The crusaders, having won this early battle confidently set off for Jerusalem. The episode ends with host Terry Jones on the road, wearing the gear of a Crusader, revealing that despite the crusaders' confidence that they would soon be in Jerusalem.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pilgrims in Arms, Crusades - BBC Two|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b009wzw5|publisher=BBC}}</ref>

===2. "Jerusalem"===
The second episode covers hardships encountered by crusaders as they neared the Holy City, including intense heat and starvation. Also the [[Siege of Antioch]] and Turkish retaliation.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pilgrims in Arms, Crusades - BBC Two|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b009wzw5|publisher=BBC}}</ref>

===3. "Jihad"===
The third episode chronicles the response that the Arab world gave to the gains of the Crusades. Jones takes the viewer from Syria to Jordan to shed light on the Arabs counter-crusade led by Muslim leader [[Saladin]]. Additionally, experts detail the political intrigue behind Saladin's rise to power as he tried to lead Muslims in winning back Jerusalem from the Christians.<ref>{{cite web|title=Jihad, Crusades - BBC Two|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00b413v|publisher=BBC}}</ref>

===4. "Destruction"===
The Crusade of [[Richard I of England]] is explored to find the seeds of his eventual failure. The fourth episode examines the massacres during the siege of Acre, the [[Treaty of Ramla]] in 1192 when Richard was forced to concede Jerusalem to Saladin, and the establishment of the [[Latin Empire|Empire of Latins]] in Constantinople after the Crusade of Venetian statesman [[Enrico Dandolo]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Destruction, Crusades - BBC Two|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00b6w6p|publisher=BBC}}</ref>

==Controversy==
A number of distinguished Crusade historians appeared to give their views on events. The documentary followed the perspective established by [[Steven Runciman]] in ''[[A History of the Crusades]]'', which casts the Crusades in a negative light. Because the historians did not support this narrative, the producers edited the taped interviews so that the historians seemed to be agreeing with Runciman. Professor [[Jonathan Riley-Smith]] accused the producers, "they made me appear to say things that I do not believe!"<ref>{{cite web|title=Crusade Myths|url=http://www.ignatiusinsight.com/features2005/tmadden_crusademyths_feb05.asp|publisher=Ignatius Insight|accessdate=3 January 2016}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb title|id=0111931}}

{{Terry Jones history series}}

[[Category:1995 British television series debuts]]
[[Category:1995 British television series endings]]
[[Category:1990s British documentary television series]]
[[Category:Television series about the Crusades]]
[[Category:Byzantine Empire in art and culture]]
[[Category:English-language television shows]]
[[Category:Medieval documentaries]]
[[Category:Documentaries about historical events]]
[[Category:Documentary television series about war]]
[[Category:BBC television documentaries about medieval history]]

Crusades (TV series) - Revision history

Kurt at 21:28, 14 March 2023

Kurt: 1 revision imported

en>Butlerblog: /* top */remove obsolete first_run param (see :Template:Infobox television)