View source for Journey into Space

{{Short description|British radio sci-fi programme (1953–1958)}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2019}}
{{Use British English|date=February 2020}}
{{Infobox Radio Show
| show_name          = Journey Into Space
| image              = Journey Into Space cast.jpg
| imagesize          = 200px
| caption            = The four main cast members of ''Journey Into Space: The World in Peril''
| format             = [[w:Science fiction|Science fiction]]
| audio_format       = [[w:Monaural|Monaural]]
| record_location    =
| runtime            = 30 minutes
| creator            = [[Charles Chilton]]
| producer           = Charles Chilton
| executive_producer =
| starring           = [[w:Andrew Faulds|Andrew Faulds]]<br />[[w:Guy Kingsley Poynter|Guy Kingsley Poynter]]<br />[[w:Bruce Beeby|Bruce Beeby]]<br />[[w:Don Sharp|Don Sharp]]<br />[[w:David Williams (screenwriter)|David Williams]]<br />[[w:David Kossoff|David Kossoff]]<br />[[Alfie Bass]]<br />[[David Jacobs (broadcaster)|David Jacobs]]<br />(plus others)
| narrated           =
| opentheme          =
| endtheme           =
| country            = United Kingdom
| language           = English
| home_station       = [[w:BBC Light Programme|BBC Light Programme]]
| syndicates         = [[w:BBC Radio 4 Extra|BBC Radio 4 Extra]]
| first_aired        = {{start date|1953|09|21|df=y}} <!-- First broadcast of episode 1 of Journey to the Moon -->
| last_aired         = {{end date|1958|06|18|df=y}} <!-- First broadcast of episode 13 of Operation Luna -->
| num_episodes       = ''Journey to the Moon'' – 18<br />''The Red Planet'' – 20<br />''The World in Peril'' – 20<br />''Operation Luna'' – 13<br />''The Return from Mars'' – 1
| website            = {{url|https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00clkyv}}
}}

'''''Journey Into Space''''' is a [[w:BBC Radio|BBC Radio]] [[w:science fiction|science fiction]] programme written by [[w:British Broadcasting Corporation|BBC]] producer [[Charles Chilton]]. It was the last UK radio programme to attract a bigger evening audience than television.<ref name="OL booklet">{{Cite AV media notes |first=Andrew |last=Pixley |title=Operation Luna: Journey Into Space |year=2004 |url=http://www.audible.co.uk/journey/JIS-OpLuna16pp.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090325122618/http://www.audible.co.uk/journey/JIS-OpLuna16pp.pdf |archive-date=25 March 2009 |type=Booklet |publisher=[[BBC Audiobooks]] |location=Bath |isbn=978-1408469927}}</ref> Originally, four series were produced (the fourth was a remake of the first), which was translated into 17 languages<ref name="OL cassettes">{{Cite AV media notes |first=Charles |last=Chilton |title=Journey Into Space: Operation Luna |year=1996 |type=Booklet |publisher=[[BBC Worldwide]] |location=London |isbn=978-0563557524}}</ref> (including Hindi, Turkish and Dutch)<ref name="TRP booklet">{{Cite AV media notes |first=Andrew |last=Pixley |title=Journey Into Space: The Red Planet |year=2004 |url=http://www.audible.co.uk/journey/JIS-RedPlanet16pp.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090325122620/http://www.audible.co.uk/journey/JIS-RedPlanet16pp.pdf |archive-date=25 March 2009 |type=Booklet |publisher=[[w:BBC Audiobooks|]] |location= Bath |isbn=978-1408469934}}</ref> and broadcast in countries worldwide (including Australia, the Netherlands, New Zealand and The United States).<ref name="TRP booklet"/> Chilton later wrote three best-selling novels and several comic strip stories based upon the radio series.

The first series was created in 1953, soon after ''Riders of the Range'' (a popular [[w:Western (genre)|Western]], also written by Chilton) ended its six series on the [[w:BBC Light Programme|BBC Light Programme]]. Michael Standing, then Head of the BBC Variety Department, asked Chilton if he could write a sci-fi programme, and ''Journey to the Moon'' (later known as ''Operation Luna'') was the result.<ref name="OL booklet"/> Each half-hour episode would usually end with a dramatic [[w:cliffhanger|cliffhanger]], to increase the audience's incentive to tune into the next episode.

The original magnetic recordings of the show were erased shortly after broadcast, and for several decades it was believed that no recordings of the show had survived, although some were broadcast by the American Forces Radio and Television Service (AFRTS, formerly AFN) in Europe during the late 1970s. In 1986, a set of misfiled Transcription Service discs (produced for sale to overseas radio stations) was discovered, containing complete copies of the three original series (more accurately, the surviving version of the first series is a cut-down remake of the original, produced for the Transcription Service during the 1950s). This discovery enabled the BBC to begin re-broadcasting the show in the late 1980s, and release copies of the show, first on audio cassette, and more recently on CD and internet download.

Fans of ''Journey Into Space'' included [[w:Colin Pillinger|Colin Pillinger]],<ref>
{{Cite episode |title=Man With A Mission |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/insideout/west/series5/mission_mars_colin_pillinger.shtml |access-date=19 February 2007 |series=Inside Out: West |series-link=Inside Out (2002 TV programme) |first=Colin  |last=Pillinger |author-link=Colin Pillinger |network=[[w:BBC One|]]: [[w:BBC West|West]] |date=5 January 2004 |series-no=5 |number=1 }}</ref> [[w:Kenny Everett|Kenny Everett]],<ref name="JIS fans">{{cite web|url=http://www.jeton.themoon.co.uk/50facts.html |title=Journey Into Space: 50 Amazing Facts |access-date=19 February 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070522041101/http://www.jeton.themoon.co.uk/50facts.html |website=Jet On The Moon |archive-date=22 May 2007}}</ref> [[w:John Major|John Major]],<ref name="JIS fans"/> [[w:Stephen Hawking|Stephen Hawking]],<ref name="JIS fans"/> [[w:Miriam Margolyes|Miriam Margolyes]]<ref name="JIS fans"/> and former ''[[w:Doctor Who|Doctor Who]]'' producer [[w:Philip Hinchcliffe|Philip Hinchcliffe]].<ref>Voice-over commentary on the BBC DVD ''[[w:The Robots of Death|]]'' (1977, 2000)</ref>

== The main characters ==

The four main characters appear in all the original series, as well as the later special episodes:

{| class="wikitable"
!
!Captain Andrew<br/>"Jet" Morgan
!Doctor<br/>Daniel "Doc" Matthews
!Stephen "Mitch" Mitchell
!Lemuel<br/>"Lemmy" Barnet
|-
!rowspan="2" |''Journey to the Moon''
|align="center" rowspan="5" |[[w:Andrew Faulds|Andrew Faulds]]
|align="center" rowspan="5" |[[w:Guy Kingsley Poynter|Guy Kingsley Poynter]]
|align="center" |[[w:Bruce Beeby|Bruce Beeby]] (episodes 2 to 6)
|align="center" rowspan="3"|[[w:David Kossoff|David Kossoff]]
|-
|align="center" |[[w:Don Sharp|Don Sharp]] (episodes 7 to 18)
|-
!''The Red Planet''
|align="center" |[[w:Bruce Beeby|Bruce Beeby]]
|-
!''The World in Peril''
|align="center" |[[w:Don Sharp|Don Sharp]]
|align="center" rowspan="2"|[[Alfie Bass]]
|-
!''Operation Luna''
|align="center" |[[w:David Williams (screenwriter)|David Williams]]
|-
!''The Return from Mars''
|align="center" |John Pullen
|align="center" |[[w:Ed Bishop|Ed Bishop]]
|align="center" |Nigel Graham
|align="center" |Anthony Hall
|-
!''Frozen in Time''
|align="center" |[[w:David Jacobs (broadcaster)|David Jacobs]]
|align="center" |[[w:Alan Marriott (voice actor)|Alan Marriott]]
|align="center" |[[w:Michael Beckley|Michael Beckley]]
|align="center" |Chris Moran
|-
!''The Host''
|align="center" |[[w:Toby Stephens|Toby Stephens]]
|align="center" |[[w:Alan Marriott (voice actor)|Alan Marriott]]
|align="center" |Jot Davies
|align="center" |[[w:Chris Pavlo|Chris Pavlo]]
|}

Guy Kingsley Poynter (who played Doc) had worked with Charles Chilton before ''Journey Into Space'', and Chilton once commented that Poynter "was a very good poetry reader".<ref name="OL booklet"/> Chilton also observed that Bruce Beeby was like his character Mitch, and was "always blowing his top".<ref name="OL booklet"/>

David Kossoff asked Chilton if his character (the ship's radio operator) could be called Lemuel (a name he loved), and Chilton shortened the name to Lemmy. Chilton based Lemmy's character on himself, since he had been a radio operator in the [[w:Royal Air Force|RAF]].<ref name="JIS Again">{{cite episode  |series=Journey Into Space... Again |network=[[BBC Radio 4]] |date=20 July 1999 }}</ref> Originally, Chilton had chosen John Glen to play Jet, but later decided to use Andrew Faulds instead, because Chilton's secretary fancied him.<ref name="JIS Again"/>

[[David Jacobs (broadcaster)|David Jacobs]]'s ability to play a wide variety of characters, each with his own distinctive voice, resulted in him playing 22 different characters during the course of ''Journey Into Space''. He used to mark up his script using different colour pencils, to help him remember what each character was supposed to sound like. In episode 1 of ''The Red Planet'', Jet is interviewed by a group of newspaper reporters, all of whom were played by Jacobs.<ref name="JIS Again"/>

Light-hearted pranks were often played on David Jacobs just before a recording session was about to begin. On one occasion, Andrew Faulds poured a jug of water inside his trousers, totally soaking him, and he "did the rest of the programme in a raincoat!"<ref name="OL booklet"/> On another occasion, some of the actors smeared mustard on his lip microphone, causing him some difficulties during the recording session.<ref name="JIS Again"/>

[[w:Don Sharp|Don Sharp]] later became a noted director.<ref>{{cite magazine|first=Stephen|last=Vagg|url=https://www.filmink.com.au/unsung-aussie-filmmakers-don-sharp-top-25/|magazine=Filmink|title=Unsung Aussie Filmmakers: Don Sharp – A Top 25|date=July 27, 2019}}</ref>

== Original three series ==

=== ''Journey to the Moon''/''Operation Luna'' ===
Initially, the first series was simply known as ''Journey Into Space'', with the subtitle ''A Tale of the Future'' added by the ''[[w:Radio Times|Radio Times]]'', but within the BBC it became known as ''Journey to the Moon''.<ref name="OL booklet"/> The series was set in 1965 (the year in which Chilton believed humans would first walk on the Moon<ref name="JIS Again"/>), and was first broadcast in 1953–1954 on the [[w:BBC Light Programme|BBC Light Programme]]. The series was originally intended to have 12 episodes<ref name="OL booklet"/> (one source claims 8 episodes<ref name="OL cassettes"/>), and 5.1 million people tuned into the first episode, but the first four episodes (which took place on Earth) did not prove very popular, and the audience soon shrank to fewer than 4 million.<ref name="OL booklet"/> But once the rocket set off for the Moon in episode 5, the audience reaction was much more favourable. The series was extended to 18 episodes, and by the time the final episode was broadcast, 8 million people were tuning in.<ref name="OL booklet"/>

In 1958, ''Journey to the Moon'' was re-recorded for the [[BBC Transcription Services]] (re-titled as ''Operation Luna''), because the original recordings had been erased.<ref name="OL booklet"/> The first four episodes of the original series were omitted, and episodes 12 and 13 were merged into a single episode.<ref name="OL booklet"/> Today, the only surviving recording from the original 1953 series ''Journey to the Moon'' is a 5-minute excerpt from the final episode.<ref name="OL booklet"/>

Faulds, Kingsley Poynter, and [[Deryck Guyler]] were the only actors from ''Journey to the Moon'' to reprise their roles in ''Operation Luna''.

In addition to the [[#The main characters|main characters]], other characters in ''Journey to the Moon'' included:<ref name="OL booklet"/>

{| class="wikitable"
!Actor
!Character
|-
|[[w:Wilfred Walter|Wilfred Walter]]
|Sir William Morgan
|-
|Robert Perceval
|Mackenzie
|-
|[[Deryck Guyler]]
|The Time-Traveller ("The Voice")
|-
|[[David Jacobs (broadcaster)|David Jacobs]]
|Miscellaneous characters
|-
|[[w:John Cazabon|John Cazabon]]
|Earth Control
|-
|[[w:Alan Keith|Alan Keith]] (*)
|London correspondent
|-
|Duncan McIntyre
|Jet's great uncle, Hector
|-
|[[w:Mark Baker (animator)|Mark Baker]]
|
|-
|Errol McKinnon
|
|-
|Jessica Dunning
|
|-
|Wyndham Milligan
|
|}
(*) Alan Keith (born Alec Kossoff) was the brother of David Kossoff, who played Lemmy.

Chilton wrote episode 8 of ''Journey to the Moon'' in response to a challenge from a TV producer, who considered the success of the series to be "a fluke". The producer challenged Chilton to write an episode "that could not be played equally well on television", and Chilton succeeded – a large proportion of the episode takes place in total darkness.<ref name="JIS Again"/> During the episode, Jet reads to the rest of the crew by torchlight from ''[[w:The First Men in the Moon|The First Men in the Moon]]'' by [[w:H. G. Wells|H. G. Wells]], the only work of fiction carried on board the ship.<ref name="JIS Again"/>

Andrew Faulds's adopted uncle, Hector MacPherson, was an astronomer, and wrote a book called ''Practical Astronomy''. Chilton bought a copy of the book, which first sparked his interest in astronomy, and later led him to write ''Journey Into Space''. In episode 7 of ''Journey to the Moon'', Jet's childhood flashback features his great uncle Hector, who was based on Hector MacPherson.<ref name="JIS Again"/>

In November 1957, Chilton wrote an episode of the [[w:BBC School Radio|BBC School Radio]] science series ''Our Own and Other Worlds'', titled "A Trip to the Moon", which featured edited material from episodes 5 and 6 of ''Journey to the Moon''.<ref name="TWIP booklet">{{Cite AV media notes |first=Andrew |last=Pixley |title=Journey Into Space: The World in Peril |year=2005 |url=http://www.audible.co.uk/journey/theworldinperil.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090325122614/http://www.audible.co.uk/journey/theworldinperil.pdf |archive-date=25 March 2009 |type=Booklet |publisher=[[BBC Audiobooks]] |location=Bath |isbn=978-1405669900}}</ref>

The table below indicates the correspondence between the episodes of ''Journey to the Moon'' and ''Operation Luna''.<ref name="OL booklet"/>

{| class="wikitable"
!colspan="2" |''Journey to the Moon''
!colspan="2" |''Operation Luna''
!rowspan="2" |Brief plot summary
|-
!Episode
!First broadcast
!Episode
!First broadcast
|-
|align="center" |1
|align="center" |21 Sep 1953
|align="center" |–
|align="center" |–
|The year is 1965, and Jet's father (Sir William Morgan) launches his A.24 rocket from the Rocket Research Station at Poker Flats. But something goes wrong, and the rocket heads towards Las Vegas, out of control.
|-
|align="center" |2
|align="center" |28 Sep 1953
|align="center" |–
|align="center" |–
|The rocket hits Las Vegas, killing at least 35 people, and the Poker Flats site is shut down. Meanwhile, Jet is invited by Mitch to join his Operation Luna project – a rocket to reach the Moon.
|-
|align="center" |3
|align="center" |5 Oct 1953
|align="center" |–
|align="center" |–
|Jet is appointed the rocket's pilot, and he and Lemmy travel to Australia to meet Mitch at the secret Operation Luna base. On arrival, Mitch takes them to meet Smitty, the team's doctor, but he is found dead.
|-
|align="center" |4
|align="center" |12 Oct 1953
|align="center" |–
|align="center" |–
|Doc Matthews replaces Smitty (who died from a coronary), and Lemmy is to be the radio operator. Mitch spots a plane flying around the launch site, suspects spies are active, and advances the launch date.
|-
|align="center" |5
|align="center" |19 Oct 1953
|align="center" |1
|align="center" |26 Mar 1958
|The rocket "Luna" sets off for the Moon with Jet, Doc, Mitch and Lemmy aboard. Radio contact with Earth is lost. Lemmy hears odd 'music' on the radio, before contact is resumed, and a tiny meteor hits Luna. No damage is sustained, but Lemmy hears the strange music again outside the ship and panics.
|-
|align="center" |6
|align="center" |26 Oct 1953
|align="center" |2
|align="center" |2 Apr 1958
|Luna is turned round for the Moon landing, and Lemmy hears the 'music' again during the final approach. The crew narrate their first moonwalk by radio to Earth on 22 October 1965. While exploring a crater, Jet unaccountably vanishes from sight.
|-
|align="center" |7
|align="center" |2 Nov 1953
|align="center" |3
|align="center" |9 Apr 1958
|The crew experience strange things: Jet has visions of the past and the future; Lemmy is disturbed by the 'music' again; Doc sees a strange dome over a crater, and writes an odd diary entry without realising. Their last week on the Moon passes without incident, but as they prepare to leave for home, the ship completely loses all power.
|-
|align="center" |8
|align="center" |9 Nov 1953
|align="center" |4
|align="center" |16 Apr 1958
|The crew are stuck on the Moon and unable to trace what has caused the power failure. A fortnight passes, with the air temperature rising uncomfortably in the absence of air-conditioning. A [[Unidentified flying object|UFO]] is seen on the televiewer on the seventh day, and strange noises are heard on the tenth. When they are left with just enough oxygen to reach home, power is suddenly restored to the ship, and the UFO is seen to have landed outside.
|-
|align="center" |9
|align="center" |16 Nov 1953
|align="center" |5
|align="center" |23 Apr 1958
|Mitch is inquisitive and enters the UFO, where he is temporarily possessed by an alien intelligence. Luna takes off and orbits the Moon; on the far side, the crew encounter a fleet of UFOs, which pursues them.
|-
|align="center" |10
|align="center" |23 Nov 1953
|align="center" |6
|align="center" |30 Apr 1958
|The UFOs accelerate Luna to an incredible speed, and the crew blacks out. On recovering, they find themselves out in deep space, with no sign of the Earth or Moon. In the distance, a planet is approaching.
|-
|align="center" |11
|align="center" |30 Nov 1953
|align="center" |7
|align="center" |7 May 1958
|The crew land Luna on the planet and discover that it shares many of Earth's characteristics – oxygen atmosphere, drinkable water, carbon-based vegetation and ice-caps at both the poles. After studying the stars one night, Jet deduces that they in fact ''are'' on Earth, but that they've travelled thousands of years through time.
|-
|align="center" |12
|align="center" |7 Dec 1953
|rowspan="2" align="center" |8
|rowspan="2" align="center" |14 May 1958
|rowspan="2" |Jet discovers a prehistoric stone knife near Luna, suggesting that they've travelled ''back'' in time; but there is some confusion over this when the crew discover the tracks of a great tank-like machine near their ship. One morning, a UFO exactly like the one seen on the Moon lands nearby, and a voice is heard over the radio: "Hello Luna!"
|-
|align="center" |13
|align="center" |14 Dec 1953
|-
|align="center" |14
|align="center" |21 Dec 1953
|align="center" |9
|align="center" |21 May 1958
|The crew talk with 'the voice'. They learn that the strange music they've been hearing is generated by a strange, omnipresent power that 'the voice' and his people use to drive their ships. 'The voice' warns them that they are in great danger, and persuades them to enter the UFO, which takes off. Eventually it lands again, in a city of domed buildings.
|-
|align="center" |15
|align="center" |29 Dec 1953
|align="center" |10
|align="center" |28 May 1958
|They learn more about 'the voice' and his people – they are a peaceful, scientific race from the opposite side of the universe. They learnt to travel through time when their solar system was threatened by its expanding sun. The crew explore the city, and are disturbed by a close encounter with a sabre-toothed tiger. Fortunately, the creature does not attack them, but they now realise that they have travelled back through time instead of forward. They enter a domed building, walk down a long dark tunnel, and emerge in a huge underground city. They are invited into another building to meet 'the voice', but are terrified by what they find inside...
|-
|align="center" |16
|align="center" |5 Jan 1954
|align="center" |11
|align="center" |4 Jun 1958
|'The voice' consoles the crew, who are embarrassed by their shock, and guides them to another dome where they are given a meal and beds to sleep in. Next morning, 'the voice' tells the crew about the Earth's native 'forest creatures', destructive and hostile animals, and promises to help the crew get back to their own time. While preparing Luna for take-off, the crew are horrified to realise that the 'forest creatures' are, in fact, prehistoric humans.
|-
|align="center" |17
|align="center" |12 Jan 1954
|align="center" |12
|align="center" |11 Jun 1958
|'The voice' is not pleased to learn that the crew are descended from the 'forest creatures', but in the end agrees to help them as arranged. Luna takes off and is accelerated by the UFOs; the crew blacks out. They start to ponder on the nature of time, and become concerned about their shortage of fuel, and whether they will remember their adventures when they reach their own time.
|-
|align="center" |18
|align="center" |19 Jan 1954
|align="center" |13
|align="center" |18 Jun 1958
|The crew successfully return to the Moon in 1965, but with no memory of their adventure on prehistoric Earth. However, their rations have been replaced by water and an unknown bread-like substance; Doc's diary contains a detailed account; and there's a prehistoric stone knife on board Luna...
|}

=== ''The Red Planet'' ===
[[File:Radio Times 5 Dec 1954.jpg|thumb|right|140px|''Journey Into Space'' featured on the cover of the ''[[Radio Times]]''.]] <!-- FAIR USE of Radio_Times_5_Dec_1954.jpg: see image description page at [[:en:Image:Radio_Times_5_Dec_1954.jpg]] for rationale -->

The second series, ''The Red Planet'', followed the adventures of the crew in their first attempt to reach and explore [[Mars]]. Several new characters were introduced, the most notable of which were Frank Rogers and James Edward Whitaker, the two original crewmen of freighter #2. Chilton took the name Whitaker from a copy of ''[[Whitaker's Almanack]]'' which was sitting on his desk.<ref name="TRP booklet"/>

In addition to the [[#The main characters|main characters]], other characters in ''The Red Planet'' included:<ref name="TRP booklet"/>

{| class="wikitable"
!Actor
!Character(s)
|-
|[[David Jacobs (broadcaster)|David Jacobs]]
|Frank Rogers and miscellaneous characters
|-
|[[Anthony Marriott]]
|James Edward Whitaker
|-
|[[Miriam Karlin]]
|Mrs Barnet (Lemmy's mother)
|-
|[[John Cazabon]]
|Australian control voice, dingo hunter, flying doctor, John Bodie (sheep farmer), Bill Webster
|-
|[[Madi Hedd]] (*)
|Martha Bodie (sheep farmer's wife)
|-
|[[Don Sharp]]
|Sam (factory controller)
|}

(*) Married to Bruce Beeby, who played Mitch.

The most memorable [[catchphrase]] from this series was "Orders must be obeyed without question at all times", which was often repeated by many of the 'conditioned' characters, especially Whitaker. Episode 19 of the series rated a 17% audience share, whereas the newsreel broadcast simultaneously on BBC TV had an audience share of 16%. This was the last time that a radio show achieved a higher rating than its TV opponent.<ref name="TRP booklet"/>

During the first broadcast of this series, the ''[[Radio Times]]'' featured ''Journey Into Space'' on its cover, showing Andrew Faulds as Captain "Jet" Morgan. His spacesuit (which was used by several of the cast members for publicity photos) was a prototype being developed in Britain at the time.<ref name="TRP booklet"/>

During the recording of ''The Red Planet'', Guy Kingsley Poynter was also starring in ''[[The Teahouse of the August Moon (play)|The Teahouse of the August Moon]]'' at [[Her Majesty's Theatre]].<ref name="TRP booklet"/>

The [[British Empire Exhibition]] was referred to throughout the episodes.

In the table of episodes below, the numbers marked with # refer to the numbered freighters of the Mars fleet.

{| class="wikitable"
!Episode
!First broadcast
!Brief plot summary
|-
|align="center" |1
|align="center" |6 Sep 1954
|April 1971. Jet and Mitch travel from Earth to the Moon by rocket. The Mars fleet (the flagship ''Discovery'', 8 freighters and 20 men) begins its journey. During an [[Extra-vehicular activity|EVA]], Mitch's safety line fails, leaving him adrift.
|-
|align="center" |2
|align="center" |13 Sep 1954
|Jet manages to rescue Mitch, using a miniature rocket unit. Frank Rogers, of #2, tells Lemmy he's not getting on at all well with Whitaker, his shipmate. Later, Control requests information about Whitaker; and Whitaker starts behaving very strangely while Jet is questioning him.
|-
|align="center" |3
|align="center" |20 Sep 1954
|While Whitaker is in a strange deep sleep, both Frank and Lemmy have nightmares. Radar suddenly reveals a huge meteor swarm ahead of the fleet, blocking its path. Just as Lemmy escorts Whitaker to his new ship, #7, a large meteor destroys the ship.
|-
|align="center" |4
|align="center" |27 Sep 1954
|Control discovers very odd information about Whitaker - the only man answering to his description was apparently born in 1893, and has been missing since 1924. The fleet changes course twice to avoid the meteor swarm, but both times it moves to block their path again. The crew realise they have only one option: to head straight through the swarm. 
|-
|align="center" |5
|align="center" |4 Oct 1954
|The fleet enters the swarm, and for nearly 7 hours all electronic equipment is badly disrupted. Peterson reports an emergency on board #6 with Whitaker. On leaving the swarm, #6 is nowhere to be seen, and the swarm is now blocking radio contact with Control. Two weeks later, ''Discovery'' apparently re-establishes contact with home, but as they prepare to take an important message, the crew are puzzled by the short delay between replies.
|-
|align="center" |6
|align="center" |11 Oct 1954
|A radio message (apparently from Control) orders the fleet to return home. However, a bearing on the radio signal reveals the transmitter to be somewhere in front of the fleet, thus proving the message to be a fake. #6 is sighted ahead of the fleet, and Discovery draws up alongside it. Jet decides they must enter the ship to investigate. 
|-
|align="center" |7
|align="center" |18 Oct 1954
|Jet and Doc transfer to #6, and Whitaker is found badly injured in the ship's hold, but Peterson has vanished. Jet has a strange dream, and Whitaker dies from his injuries, suddenly transforming into an old man. Recording tapes found in the cabin confirm the crew's suspicions that Whitaker faked the radio message. Discovery and #6 both rejoin the fleet, and Jet and Lemmy are shocked to hear Peterson's voice on the radio. 
|-
|align="center" |8
|align="center" |25 Oct 1954
|Peterson's suicide recording is found, and radio contact with Control is restored. The fleet finally enters orbit round Mars, and Discovery lands at the South Pole, but a strange soporific noise troubles the crew and causes them to crash-land.
|-
|align="center" |9
|align="center" |1 Nov 1954
|Jet reveals that the strange noise caused him to black out, but the crew are all safe. #1 lands alongside Discovery, and Jet and Mitch explore outside. Whilst conducting experiments, they soon get lost in a dense fog. They see a mysterious orange light, mistaking it for the landing light of the Discovery, and the same soporific noise heard during the landing causes them to lose consciousness.
|-
|align="center" |10
|align="center" |8 Nov 1954
|Doc and Frank rescue Jet and Mitch using a land transport truck, and Jet says he dreamed of a ruined city in a valley. ''Discovery'''s crew begin the exploration of Mars in the land trucks, whilst Freighter #2 begins to ferry supplies down from the fleet in orbit. However, on its second trip down, the freighter pilot hears the soporific noise and the ship apparently crashes.
|-
|align="center" |11
|align="center" |15 Nov 1954
|Racing to reach the crashed freighter before sunset, the Discovery's crew reaches the Mare Australis, the plain north of the ice cap. After nightfall, they see a mysterious white light moving across the plain. In the morning, they spot the crashed freighter, but upon reaching it find its crew missing. However, there are strange marks in the ground nearby which Jet deduces to belong to "the light", realising that a ship has visited and kidnapped the freighter crew. Jet resolves to change the exploration route and go after the ship. 
|-
|align="center" |12
|align="center" |22 Nov 1954
|The ''Discovery'' crew travel west across the Mare Australis in pursuit of the mysterious ship. Meanwhile, Frank and Grimshaw, currently crew members of Freighter #1, reach the wrecked #2 and take up residence for the night. However, during the night, a 'sphere' (spherical UFO) arrives and its crew attempt to enter the wreck. Whilst observing the crew, Frank realises they are human. A few days later, Discovery's crew reach a valley in the Argyre Desert, and Jet spots a city which is identical to the one in his earlier dream.
|-
|align="center" |13
|align="center" |29 Nov 1954
|''Discovery'''s crew explore the valley's ruined city, but Lemmy vanishes, and experiences a hypnotic dream. He's later found with McLean (pilot of #2), who is now mysteriously able to breathe the Martian atmosphere without a helmet.
|-
|align="center" |14
|align="center" |6 Dec 1954
|Jet and Doc return Lemmy to the caravans, and Doc deduces that Whitaker and McLean had been 'conditioned' (hypnotised), allowing them to be controlled, as well as breathe in the Martian atmosphere. Mitch becomes separated from the others, and meets a man who claims to be a dingo hunter in Australia. Meanwhile McLean, disguised in Mitch's spacesuit, enters the caravan and confronts Lemmy. 
|-
|align="center" |15
|align="center" |13 Dec 1954
|McLean reveals that only two of his three crew mates survived the crash, and declares that Mitch is alive but will never return to the fleet or Earth. He then tries to overpower but Lemmy wins the fight. The sphere is spotted on top of the city, but takes off with Jet, Lemmy and Doc in pursuit again. Meanwhile, Mitch, lost in the desert and now able to breathe the Martian atmosphere, comes across a house inhabited by a man and woman, who claim to be sheep farmers living in Australia in 1939. Driven to a frenzy, Mitch demands explanations, only for the farmer to turn his rifle on him. 
|-
|align="center" |16
|align="center" |20 Dec 1954
|Jet, Doc and Lemmy discover the farm house, and find Mitch inside it. But Mitch is now 'conditioned' to believe he's in Australia, and doesn't recognise the others. He refuses to rejoin them, and attacks Jet, puncturing his helmet. As the others work to save him, the sphere lands outside and the crew are trapped. 
|-
|align="center" |17
|align="center" |27 Dec 1954
|A 'flying doctor' has arrived in the sphere, with Dobson and Harding of #2 'conditioned' and working as his assistants. Although Jet successfully escapes back to the land trucks, the doctor manages to capture Doc and Lemmy. He tries to 'condition' them using the soporific noise, but they manage to resist. They find themselves being taken to a much larger Martian city. 
|-
|align="center" |18
|align="center" |3 Jan 1955
|Jet sets out after the sphere again, having ordered McLean to follow him in the second caravan. Meanwhile, the sphere arrives at [[Solis Lacus|Lacus Solis]] (the Martian capital), and the flying doctor reveals the Martian plan to invade the Earth in 1986. Lemmy overpowers the doctor in a struggle, and he and Doc contact Frank, who is searching for them in #1. Through him, they pass their news to Jet, but then Frank hears the soporific noise and his freighter crashes.
|-
|align="center" |19
|align="center" |10 Jan 1955
|Doc and Lemmy escape the city in the sphere with Mitch, who starts to recover from his 'conditioning', but can only remember being two weeks away from reaching Mars. Meanwhile, Jet is contacted by Webster, a man trying to return to Earth, and learns more about the Martians. Webster offers to help Jet find his lost crew mates, but while travelling across the desert, they spot a sphere hovering above them. 
|-
|align="center" |20
|align="center" |17 Jan 1955
|The sphere turns out to be Doc and Lemmy's, and ''Discovery'' crew are fully reunited at last thanks to advice from Webster, Mitch completes his recovery. Jet, Lemmy and Webster try to rescue Frank and Grimshaw from an underground factory, but they cannot be reached, and during a fight with the factory supervisor, Webster is injured and dies. The crew return to ''Discovery'' at the North Pole, and take off for home, escaping a pursuing fleet of spheres. Their news of the upcoming Martian invasion is passed to Earth, causing great commotion. They land back on the Moon six months later, but what happens next is another story... 
|}

=== ''The World in Peril'' ===

The third series was a direct continuation of the story begun in ''The Red Planet'', and followed Jet Morgan and his crew's return to Mars in an attempt to avert the impending Martian invasion.

In addition to the [[#The main characters|main characters]], other characters in ''The World in Peril'' included:<ref name="TWIP booklet"/>

{| class="wikitable"
!Actor
!Character
|-
|[[David Jacobs (broadcaster)|David Jacobs]]
|Frank Rogers and miscellaneous characters
|-
|[[Alan Tilvern]]
|Jack Evans (lunar controller)
|-
|[[John Cazabon]]
|Jenkins (rocket station supervisor)
|-
|[[Fred Yule]]
|Mr Moore
|-
|Pat Campbell
|Paddy Flynn
|}

During the recording of ''The World in Peril'', Alfie Bass was also starring in the revue ''The Punch Bowl'' at the [[Dorset Garden Theatre|Duke of York's Theatre]].<ref name="TWIP booklet"/>

{| class="wikitable"
!Episode
!First broadcast
!Brief plot summary
|-
|align="center" |1
|align="center" |26 Sep 1955
|15 April 1972. The ''Discovery'' and two freighters return to the Moon from the disastrous Mars expedition. The crew are subjected to intense questioning about their experiences on Mars, and Lemmy discovers that the ''Discovery'' is being readied for take off. Back on Earth, they visit an astronomical observer who has spotted suspicious objects in the heavens.
|-
|align="center" |2
|align="center" |3 Oct 1955
|Jet and Lemmy go to investigate the objects in an orbital rocket, but are sent to sleep for 24 hours by a strange noise. Film footage suggests the asteroids are actually spacecraft carriers. Jet discovers that a spaceship has crashed in the Lake District. Jet and Doc enter the ship.
|-
|align="center" |3
|align="center" |10 Oct 1955
|The crew and the Lunar Controller try to locate the crew of the crashed ship. They interview Moore, a commercial traveller who may have had contact with the crew of the ship, who recounts his experience. The crew are ordered back to Mars and are driven to an airfield, but the car crashes when the crew tackle the 'Conditioned Type' driver.
|-
|align="center" |4
|align="center" |17 Oct 1955
|The crew fly to Australia, then on a ship to the Moon. While preparing for the voyage to Mars, they spot unidentified objects on the lunar horizon. The take off is complicated by strange communication with control, suggesting the Moon base has been infiltrated.
|-
|align="center" |5
|align="center" |24 Oct 1955
|The Discovery gets away safely; however, they cannot establish contact with Moon control, so Lemmy contacts Earth. After ships from Earth to the Moon are lost, the crew concludes that the Moon has fallen under Martian control. While refuelling from freighter #1, Jet and Lemmy hear a strange wailing voice.
|-
|align="center" |6
|align="center" |31 Oct 1955
|The crew slow the ship down, and discuss where on Mars to land and the objectives of the trip. They regain contact with the strange voice, discovering it is a very confused Frank Rogers, ex-crew man of Freighter #2.
|-
|align="center" |7
|align="center" |7 Nov 1955
|Thinking Frank may be there, the crew decide to land near the wreck of freighter #2, but Jet and Mitch discover it to be empty. From the Discovery, Doc and Lemmy spot a fleet of Martian spheres approaching.
|-
|align="center" |8
|align="center" |14 Nov 1955
|Jet and Mitch fail to make it back to ''Discovery'', and the crew all pass out as the ships approach. They wake up in a dark room and figure that they must be on one of the moons of Mars. They discover an unconscious man in the room, that Jet is missing, and a door in the floor opens.
|-
|align="center" |9
|align="center" |21 Nov 1955
|Jet is found under his bed and the unconscious man is found to be Frank Rogers. Doc tries to bring Frank out of his conditioned state, and he reveals that the invasion is under way. Jet and Lemmy go through the floor, and are directed by the voice of Paddy Flynn.
|-
|align="center" |10
|align="center" |28 Nov 1955
|Frank regains some of his memory, revealing that the crew are aboard an asteroid ship. Jet and Lemmy meet Paddy face to face, and he reveals that he is the rebel captain of the asteroid, working with Jack Evans. Paddy receives orders to have the asteroid join the invasion fleet.
|-
|align="center" |11
|align="center" |5 Dec 1955
|Paddy leaves the crew, who learn how to manipulate the 'visionphone'. As Mitch and Frank follow them along a circular corridor using the cameras, Jet, Lemmy and Doc hear a voice they assume to be a Martian, ordering them back.
|-
|align="center" |12
|align="center" |12 Dec 1955
|Jet, Lemmy and Doc ignore the Martian's warnings to turn back, and Jet is knocked out after touching a door at the end of the corridor. The crew persuades Paddy to set the ship on course for Mars, so they can warn Earth of the invasion. However, he loses control, and is injured.
|-
|align="center" |13
|align="center" |19 Dec 1955
|The asteroid is in chaos and the crew discover Asteroid 786/738 is on its way to sort it out. Mitch and Lemmy go to fetch a bed for Paddy, but become lost and enter the Martian's lair. They hear a familiar voice but can't place it. Paddy dies, and Mitch and Lemmy discover that Jack Evans is really the Lunar Controller, who has been in league with the Martians from the start.
|-
|align="center" |14
|align="center" |26 Dec 1955
|The Lunar Controller tells Mitch and Lemmy that the invasion will be facilitated by a hypnotic television broadcast. Jet and Doc go on a search for the others, and follow conditioned crew members onto the asteroid surface. Wearing Martian suits, they investigate a large sphere, but become stranded on the surface.
|-
|align="center" |15
|align="center" |2 Jan 1956
|While the Lunar Controller is away, Jet and Doc enter his quarters from the asteroid surface. Mitch and Lemmy explain what has happened to them, and they hatch a plan to imprison the Lunar Controller and escape.
|-
|align="center" |16
|align="center" |9 Jan 1956
|The crew imprison the Lunar Controller, and gain his assistance by threatening to release him into space. Lemmy smashes up the computerised brain, to stop messages being sent to the rest of the Martian fleet. Frank pilots the ship as they escape the asteroid and set course for Mars, but they discover the Discovery to have been plundered.
|-
|align="center" |17
|align="center" |16 Jan 1956
|They head into orbit, transfer to Freighter #1 and, using a modified radio transmitter, attempt to contact Earth, but they cannot get their warning about the invasion through. They spot the asteroid invasion fleet approaching them from behind.  Jet decides to use all remaining fuel to set on course for Earth, in order to increase their chances of warning Earth of the invasion.
|-
|align="center" |18
|align="center" |23 Jan 1956
|The asteroid fleet increases speed and overtakes Freighter #1. Jet records a warning to Earth, to be transmitted on a loop. Attempts to hypnotise the crew fail, so the Martian contacts the crew using their voices. Freighter #1 crashes onto the surface of a large asteroid.
|-
|align="center" |19
|align="center" |30 Jan 1956
|Lemmy fails to contact Earth, but they are contacted by the Martian who tells them to enter the asteroid ship. The Martian reveals that he is the only one left of a race of giants, and explains his reasons for the invasion. A crew from the asteroid, including ex-freighter man Harding, forcibly remove the crew from Freighter #1.
|-
|align="center" |20
|align="center" |6 Feb 1956
|The crew are shown to luxurious quarters aboard the asteroid, and cruise to Earth as part of the invasion fleet. They are ordered to the Martian's quarters, where they are dismayed to discover that Earth has not followed their instruction to shut down all television channels. Depressed by their failure, they watch as the Martian fleet begins to orbit the Earth. As they wait for the Martian's broadcast, the set goes dead. They are overjoyed to learn that the channels have at last been shut down. The Martian peacefully accepts defeat and allows all those in his command to return to Earth. A considerable number, however, choose to remain in the Martian's fleet, and to establish a perfect civilisation in another solar system, free from persecution, hunger, misgovernment and war.
|}

== Critical reaction and legacy ==
Public reaction to the show was mixed. Some comments received by the BBC described the show as "a first class affair" and "the best serial for ages".<ref name="OL booklet"/> After episode 5 of ''Journey to the Moon'' was first broadcast, the ''[[Daily Express]]'' commented:
{{Blockquote|Hats off to Charles Chilton, who has switched from ''Riders of the Range'' to ''Journey Into Space'' with masterly ease. I rate this space travel serial as the most exciting piece of radio material for years. |source=''[[Daily Express]]''<ref name="JIS Again"/>}}
Midway through the original broadcast of ''The Red Planet'', a BBC Audience Research Report indicated that the series
{{Blockquote|was described as "thrilling", "fascinating" and "most entertaining"... This is obviously very much a family occasion in many homes, the entire household following the adventures of Jet Morgan and Co. with great interest. |source=BBC Audience Research Report<ref name="TRP booklet"/>}}
However, others commented that the plot often featured scientific inaccuracies,<ref name="OL booklet"/> even though Chilton had received technical advice from Flight Lieutenant Roger Burton<ref name="OL booklet"/> and Kenneth Gatland of the [[British Interplanetary Society]].<ref name="TWIP booklet"/> One correspondent to the ''[[Radio Times]]'' commented that:
{{Blockquote|''Journey into Space'' was a glorified interstellar 'horse-opera' with no coherent plot, which relied on odd musical arrangements to bolster up the stilted conversations of characters with no substance. There were no convincing word pictures of the new world: 'Jet' lacked tact and leader qualities and 'Lemmy' was an improbable space traveller, not to mention electronic engineer! |author=K. Camm |source=Letter to the ''[[Radio Times]]'', 4 February 1955.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Camm |first=K |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/page/84ec582784e948229063423bc14c15bd?page=33 |title=Interplanetary Adventures |magazine=[[Radio Times]] |department=Letters from Listeners |publisher=[[BBC Publications]] |date=4 February 1955 |volume=126 |issue=1630 |edition=Television |page=33 |access-date=8 February 2020 }}</ref>}}
Chilton admitted that he was not a science-fiction writer, astronomer, or scientist, and that his "pursuit of astronomical studies" was "clumsy and very amateurish".<ref name="TRP booklet"/> He often "worked very late to deadline", sometimes not starting to write an episode until two days before recording.<ref name="OL booklet"/>

''Journey Into Space'' remains popular today, thanks to the [[#Discovery of Transcription discs|discovery]] of misfiled recordings of the show, which enabled the BBC to begin re-broadcasting the show from the late 1980s onwards.
{{Blockquote|Today it still enjoys a huge fanbase, with active websites and keenly received repeats on digital radio channel BBC Radio 4 Extra. |author=Paul Donovan |source=''[[The Sunday Times]]''<ref name="Sunday Times article">{{cite news |first=Paul |last=Donovan |title=Journey into Space – Frozen in Time |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/journey-into-space-frozen-in-time-23387qh3536 |newspaper=[[The Sunday Times]] |location=London |publisher=[[News International]] |date=6 April 2008 |access-date=2008-05-12  |url-access=subscription}}</ref>}}

[[Philip Hinchcliffe]] has acknowledged growing up listening to ''Journey Into Space'', citing in particular its cliffhangers, as an influence on his period as producer of the science-fiction television series ''[[Doctor Who]]'' between 1974 and 1977.<ref>{{cite web | url= http://www.denofgeek.com/tv/doctor-who/27140/philip-hinchcliffe-on-producing-doctor-who-tom-baker-special-effects-russell-t-davies-big-finish | title= Philip Hinchcliffe on producing Doctor Who, Tom Baker, special effects, Russell T Davies, Big Finish audio plays & more… | work=Den of Geek | first=Louisa | last=Mellor | date=3 September 2013 | access-date=30 April 2015}}</ref>

== Music ==
Van Phillips composed and conducted the music for all three series.<ref name="OL cassettes"/> The music was initially recorded beforehand, and played from acetate discs during the recording sessions.<ref name="OL booklet"/> Later, an eight-piece orchestra was actually present in the studio, and played the music live.<ref name="Round Midnight"/> Phillips liked the sound of the [[clavioline]], and obtained one for use during ''Journey Into Space''. He composed music especially for it, and it was "bolted onto the piano" in the studio.<ref name="Round Midnight"/> Titles of his compositions include "A Picture of the Universe", "Rocket Away", "Music for Outer Space",<ref name="OL booklet"/> "The Red Planet", "Crossing the Plains",<ref name="TRP booklet"/> and "Sunrise".<ref name="TWIP booklet"/>

In 1955, [[Decca Records|Decca]] released a [[Gramophone record|78rpm record]] of the ''Journey Into Space'' theme, performed by [[Frank Weir]] and his orchestra (catalogue number F.10435),<ref name="TRP booklet"/> and sheet music of a piano solo of the theme was also published. In 1978, the recording was included on the 33⅓rpm BBC compilation record ''BBC Space Themes'' (catalogue number REH 324),<ref name="TRP booklet"/> and in 2005, [[Vocalion Records|Vocalion/Dutton Laboratories]] included it on their digitally remastered compilation CD ''Presenting Frank Weir And His Saxophone'' (catalogue number CDLK 4266).

In ''Journey to the Moon'', Lemmy occasionally provided musical entertainment for the crew on his mouth organ, playing songs such as "Knocked 'em in the Old Kent Road" and "My Old Dutch".<ref name="OL booklet"/> Excerpts of popular music were often used during the episodes, and sometimes played an important role in the plot. In episode 8 of ''Journey to the Moon'', an excerpt from "Honeymoon on a Rocket Ship" by [[Hank Snow]] and The Rainbow Ranch Boys is heard by the crew on the ship's radio.<ref name="OL booklet"/> "When It's Night Time In Italy", by James Kendis and [[Lew Brown]], was an important part of episodes 7 and 8 of ''The Red Planet''.<ref name="TRP booklet"/> Other popular music used in ''The Red Planet'' included:<ref name="TRP booklet"/>
* "Flat Foot Floogie", by Bulet Galliard, Leroy Stewart, and [[Bud Green]], performed by the [[Benny Goodman Orchestra]]
* The theme tune to the ''[[Billy Cotton Band Show]]''
* "Somebody Stole My Gal", by Lee Wright
* "Friends and Neighbours", by Marvin Scott and [[Malcolm Lockyer]]
* "Selection of Hebrew Dances Part 2", by [[Ambrose (bandleader)|Ambrose]] and his orchestra
* Banjo music by Billy Bell

''The World in Peril'' featured a 'rebel song', sung by the 'conditioned' men aboard the Martian asteroids. This song was actually a musical arrangement of ''The Green Hills of Earth'' (a poem taken from [[Robert A. Heinlein|Robert Heinlein]]'s [[The Green Hills of Earth|short story]] of the same name), performed by the [[George Mitchell (Scottish musician)|George Mitchell Choir]].<ref name="TWIP booklet"/> In the final episode of ''The World in Peril'', [[Chopin]] Opus 34: No. 2: Valse brillante in A minor is heard playing over the radio.

== Sound effects ==
A variety of sound effects were used in the episodes, and played a major role. In addition to basic sounds, such as feet walking along a corridor or tunnel, more advanced effects were created, such as the mysterious haunting 'music' which is heard over the rocket's radio in many episodes of ''Operation Luna''.

The most distinctive effect was the dramatic rocket take-off, which was played at the beginning of each episode, and whenever necessary during the episodes. This was actually a recording of a [[jet aircraft]] at [[London Heathrow Airport|Heathrow airport]].<ref name="Round Midnight">{{cite episode 
|title=Interview with Charles Chilton |series=Round Midnight (with Brian Matthew) |series-link=Brian Matthew |network=[[BBC Radio 2]] |date=1989 }}</ref>{{Full citation needed|date=February 2020}} Often, this would be followed by a slowly ascending tone (representing the rocket accelerating), which "was actually a recording of a [[Vacuum tube|thermionic valve]] played through an [[echo chamber]] down at the [[National Physical Laboratory, UK|Physical Research Laboratory]] at [[Kingston upon Thames|Kingston]]".<ref name="Round Midnight"/> Other sound effects were created at [[Battersea Power Station]], and the sound made by the televiewer on board Luna was actually a [[Sonar|naval ASDIC]].<ref name="OL booklet"/>

The BBC had an echo chamber in the studio, which was greatly utilised during the episodes. Whenever the crew were in contact by radio with Earth control, or another distant location, the echo chamber would be applied to the voice of the remote character. Various sound effects were also created "live" in the studio. For example, in episode 8 of ''Journey to the Moon'', the crew hear a mysterious tapping on the outside of the ship; this effect was created "by tapping the needle of the gramophone pickup head, and playing that through an echo chamber".<ref name="Round Midnight"/>

The operation of the Martian "Brain" when compiling an answer in response to questions was represented by the sound of a 2000-type Director - a telephone call routing device used in large city Strowger type telephone exchanges.

== Novels ==
Chilton wrote three ''Journey Into Space'' novels, one for each of the three original series. The first novel, titled ''Journey Into Space'', told the story of ''Journey to the Moon'' and was the first book that Chilton had written.<ref name="OL booklet"/> It was published in hardback by [[Herbert Jenkins Ltd|Herbert Jenkins]] in 1954, followed by ''The Red Planet'' in 1956,<ref name="TRP booklet"/> and ''The World in Peril'' in 1960.<ref name="TWIP booklet"/> Later they were published in paperback by [[Pan Books|Pan]] in 1958, 1960 and 1962 respectively.

On 8 May 2008, BBC Audiobooks released a complete and unabridged audiobook of the first novel, read by [[William Hope (actor)|William Hope]].<ref name="JIS audiobook">{{cite press release |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/bbcworldwide/worldwidestories/pressreleases/2008/04_april/journey_into_space.shtml |title=Journey into Space |website=Press Office |publisher=[[BBC Worldwide]] |date=17 April 2008 |access-date=7 May 2008 |quote=Charles Chilton's hugely successful radio series comes to audio in a complete and unabridged novelisation read by William Hope.}}</ref>

== Comic strips ==
In 1956, the ''[[Junior Express]]'' comic began publishing ''Journey Into Space'' [[comic strip]]s, with scripts by Charles Chilton and artwork by Italian artist [[Ferdinando Tacconi]].<ref name="TWIP booklet"/> The first adventure, titled ''Jet Morgan in Planet of Fear'', was a 35-episode sequel to ''The World in Peril''. Tacconi spent some time with Chilton absorbing the atmosphere of the saga, and portrayed (in full colour) the radio actors' likenesses to match the clever dialogue.

The story was continued in 1957 in the 32-episode adventure, ''Shadow over Britain''. In March 1957, Arthur Bruce Cornwell took over from Tacconi as artist, and Chilton lost his enthusiasm for the cartoon strip; thereafter it became a contractual chore for him. Terence Patrick took over from Cornwell in April 1957, and by the time the third adventure began (''The World Next Door''), Chilton was no longer writing the scripts.

The 1956 ''[[Express Weekly]]'' annual contained a short black & white comic strip called ''Jet Morgan and the Space Pirates'', illustrated by Tacconi. (''Express Weekly'' was the new name of ''Junior Express''.) The 1957 annual included a short story called ''Jet Morgan and the Space Castaway'', written by Chilton and illustrated by Cornwell.
<!-- Original info added by 81.103.21.159 in April 2007. -->
<!-- Contained useful details, but needed tidying up. -->
<!-- The Express Weekly Journey into Space story is a sequel to this adventure. The Italian artist Ferninando Tacconi spent some time with Charles absorbing the atmosphere of the saga, and portrayed [in full colour] the radio actors likenesses to match the clever dialogue in the 35-episode first story (Planet of Fear), which was continued in a 32-episode story entitled Shadow Over Britain. Charles lost any enthusiasm when Tacconi ceased to illustrate the cartoon strip. Thereafter it became a contractual chore for him. The cartoon strip stories are thus: quite
''Planet of Fear'' 28 April 1956 to 29 December 1956. ''Shadow Over Britain'' 5 January 1957 to 3 August 1957.
Artists: Ferninando Tacconi (until 2 March 1957), Bruce Cornwell(until 6 April 1957) then Terrence Patrick. The quite marvelous saga reaches a rather tacky conclusion.
The first ''Express Weekly'' annual [published September 1956] contains a short but interesting Tacconi-illustrated story in B & W, Jet Morgan and the Space Pirates.
''Express Weekly'' contained one further story – although this was NOT a Chilton story (''The World Next Door'' 10.8.57 to 5.10.57.), and the 1957 annual contains another short story Jet Morgan and the Space Castaway. This is also of little interest. -->

== Discovery of Transcription discs ==
The programmes were recorded in the studio on 15[[Inches per second|ips]] magnetic tape, and were later copied onto 33⅓[[Revolutions per minute|rpm]] 16-inch coarse-groove [[transcription disc]]s for the BBC Transcription Services (except for ''Journey to the Moon'' episodes).<ref name="OL booklet"/> The master tapes were erased three months after broadcast, in accordance with BBC policy at the time. The Transcription discs were sold overseas, and their fate was unknown, so for many years it was believed that all the episodes had been lost forever, although a number were broadcast by the American Forces Radio and Television Service (AFRTS, formerly AFN) in Europe during the late 1970s.<ref name="Radio Days">{{cite web |url= http://www.sigtel.com/radio_space.html |title=Radio Days: Journey Into Restored Space |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20060111030057/http://www.sigtel.com/radio_space.html |archive-date=11 January 2006 }}</ref>

However, in 1986, a set of misfiled Transcription discs were found by Ted Kendall, a BBC recording engineer, which turned out to be copies of ''Operation Luna'', ''The Red Planet'' and ''The World in Peril''. The BBC no longer possessed a suitable turntable on which to play the discs, but Kendall eventually managed to obtain an [[Elektro-Mess-Technik|EMT 927]] turntable. To clean the discs, he soaked them in warm water containing [[Fairy (brand)|Fairy Liquid]], brushed them with a goats-hair brush, and dried them using kitchen towels.<ref name="Radio Days"/>

Kendall then transferred the recordings to magnetic tape, removing "[[Clicking noise|clicks]]" from the sound using a device which he designed and built, called the [http://palimpsest.stanford.edu/byform/mailing-lists/av/2002/12/msg00009.html Mousetrap] (or Front End). He removed more severe clicks after the transfer, by scraping the oxide off the magnetic tape in appropriate places.<ref name="Radio Days"/>

The BBC took the opportunity to re-broadcast all three series on [[BBC Radio 2|Radio 2]], beginning with ''Operation Luna'' in 1989,<ref name="OL booklet"/> followed by ''The Red Planet'' in 1990<ref name="TRP booklet"/> and ''The World in Peril'' in 1991.<ref name="TWIP booklet"/> Abridged versions of the three series were also released on audio cassette. In 1998, Kendall digitally remastered the recordings for new abridged releases on audio cassette, and in 2004, the unabridged remastered recordings began to be released on CD and internet download. The three series have also been broadcast on BBC Radio 7, now known as BBC Radio 4 Extra.

== Special episodes ==

=== ''The Return from Mars'' ===
In 1981, [[BBC Radio 4|Radio 4]]'s ''Saturday Night Theatre'' slot ran a special [[science fiction]] series, featuring stories such as ''[[The First Men in the Moon]]'', ''[[The Chrysalids]]'', ''[[A Fall of Moondust]]'' and ''[[The Technicolor Time Machine]]''. Charles Chilton was asked to write a new one-off 90-minute episode of ''Journey Into Space'' for this slot, and ''The Return from Mars'' was the result. The plot was an approximate continuation from the end of ''The World in Peril''. The episode was broadcast on 7 March 1981.

In addition to the [[#The main characters|main characters]], other characters in ''The Return from Mars'' included:<ref name="TWIP booklet"/>

{| class="wikitable"
!Actor
!Character(s)
|-
|Elizabeth Proud
|Cassia
|-
|[[Patrick Barr]]
|Nichols
|-
|David Bradshawe
|Wrist radio / Countdown voice
|-
|Graham Faulkner
|Pilot / Talian
|-
|[[Stephen Garlick]]
|Controller / Radio voice
|-
|John McAndrew
|Videophone / Junior officer
|-
|Sion Probert
|Control / Sotteer 2
|-
|Christopher Scott
|Sotteer 1 / Harry
|-
|John Webb
|Supervisor / Radio
|}
{| class="wikitable"
!Episode
!First broadcast
!Brief plot summary
|-
|align="center" |1
|align="center" |7 Mar 1981
|Jet Morgan and his crew return to Earth from Mars, only to find they have been missing, presumed dead, for more than thirty years.
|}

=== ''Frozen in Time'' ===
This was a new episode based on the original series, with David Jacobs finally taking the role of Jet Morgan (who has aged while the rest of his crew were in suspended animation owing to a systems malfunction). Charles Chilton wrote the one-hour play which was set in the year 2013. It was broadcast on Radio 4 on Saturday 12 April 2008. This was released by BBC Audio in January 2009.
{{ISBN|978-1-4084-0104-0}}

{| class="wikitable"
!Part
!Played by
|-
|Captain Jet Morgan
|David Jacobs
|-
|Mitch
|Michael Beckley
|-
|Doc/Ed
|Alan Marriott
|-
|Lemmy
|Chris Moran
|-
|Astrid
|[[Emma Fielding]]
|-
|Jensen
|[[Stephen Hogan]]
|-
|Radio Operator/Film Voice
|Kate Harbour
|}

Music by David Chilton;
producer/director Nicholas Russell-Pavier.

{| class="wikitable"
!Episode
!First broadcast
!Brief plot summary
|-
|align="center" |1
|align="center" |12 Apr 2008
|March 2013. The Ares' crew awakens from suspended animation and, low on fuel and technologically outclassed, goes to rescue a mining operation on Mars.
|}

=== ''The Host'' ===
A further new episode based on the original series by Chilton, written by Julian Simpson starred  [[Toby Stephens]] as Jet Morgan.  Another one-hour play, it was set in the year 2079.
Broadcast as [[The Saturday Play]] on Radio 4 on Saturday 27 June 2009.

{| class="wikitable"
!Part
!Played by
|-
|Captain Jet Morgan
|[[Toby Stephens]]
|-
|Mitch
|Jot Davies
|-
|Doc/Enceladus Control
|[[Alan Marriott (voice actor)|Alan Marriott]]
|-
|Lemmy
|[[Chris Pavlo]]
|-
|The Host
|[[David Jacobs (broadcaster)|David Jacobs]]
|-
|Edie
|[[Jana Carpenter]]
|-
|JJ Andreev
|Basher Savage
|-
|End credit narration
|Charles Chilton
|}
{| class="wikitable"
!Episode
!First broadcast
!Brief plot summary
|-
|align="center" |1
|align="center" |27 Jun 2009
|Jet Morgan and his crew discover a digitised personality aboard an abandoned space freighter, intent on making mankind a dispensable stepping stone to a new chapter in evolution.
|}

== BBC releases on audio cassette and CD ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Series
!Format
!Abridged?
!Release date
!Released by
!ISBN
!Extras
|-
!rowspan="4" |''Operation Luna''
|align="center" |4 cassettes
|align="center" |Yes
|align="center" |1989
|align="center" |BBC Enterprises Ltd
|align="center" |{{ISBNT|0563226323}}
|None
|-
|align="center" |6 cassettes
|align="center" |Yes
|align="center" |1996
|align="center" |BBC Worldwide Ltd
|align="center" |{{ISBNT|0563388935}}
|None
|-
|align="center" |4 cassettes
|align="center" |Yes
|align="center" |1998
|align="center" |BBC Worldwide Ltd
|align="center" |{{ISBNT|0563557524}}
|
|-
|align="center" |7 CDs
|align="center" |No
|align="center" |5 July 2004
|align="center" |BBC Audiobooks Ltd
|align="center" |{{ISBNT|0563524898}}
|''Journey Into Space... Again'' documentary<br/>Excerpt from ''Journey to the Moon''
|-
!rowspan="3" |''The Red Planet''
|align="center" |6 cassettes
|align="center" |Yes
|align="center" |1991
|align="center" |BBC Enterprises Ltd
|align="center" |{{ISBNT|0563409924}}
|None
|-
|align="center" |4 cassettes
|align="center" |Yes
|align="center" |1998
|align="center" |BBC Worldwide Ltd
|align="center" |{{ISBNT|0563557575}}
|
|-
|align="center" |10 CDs
|align="center" |No
|align="center" |3 January 2005
|align="center" |BBC Audiobooks Ltd
|align="center" |{{ISBNT|0563524944}}
|Charles Chilton interview, ''Round Midnight''
|-
!rowspan="3" |''The World in Peril''
|align="center" |6 cassettes
|align="center" |Yes
|align="center" |1994
|align="center" |BBC Enterprises Ltd
|align="center" |{{ISBNT|0563394374}}
|
|-
|align="center" |4 cassettes
|align="center" |Yes
|align="center" |1998
|align="center" |BBC Worldwide Ltd
|align="center" |{{ISBNT|0563557621}}
|None
|-
|align="center" |12 CDs
|align="center" colspan="3" |Planned 10-CD release 4 October 2006, cancelled<br>(Released Unabridged on 12 CDs in Aug 2011)
|align="center" |{{ISBNT|978-1408469941}}
|Return From Mars (1981); Archive Hour 'Another Journey into Space'; 16 page PDF booklet about World in Peril
|-
!''The Return from Mars''
|align="center" |2 cassettes
|align="center" |No
|align="center" |2000
|align="center" |BBC Worldwide Ltd
|align="center" |{{ISBNT|0563553618}}
|''Journey Into Space... Again'' documentary
|}

=== Audiobooks ===
Currently, only the first novel has been released as an audiobook.<ref name="JIS audiobook"/>

{| class="wikitable"
!Novel
!Release date
!Released by
!Format
!ISBN
|-
!rowspan="2" |''Journey Into Space''
|rowspan="2" align="center" |8 May 2008
|rowspan="2" align="center" |BBC Audiobooks
|align="center" |6 CDs
|align="center" |9781405688680
|-
|align="center" |Internet download
|align="center" |9781405646628
|}

==In translation==
A [[Dutch-language]] version of the first three series of ''Journey into Space'' was broadcast in the [[Netherlands]] by the {{lang|nl|[[Katholieke Radio Omroep]]}} (KRO) in 1955–1958 under the title {{lang|nl|Sprong in het heelal}} ({{langnf||Dutch|Leap Into the Universe}}), directed by Léon Povel. Translation was by Eddy Franquinet and the main character roles were played by John de Freese (Jeff Morgan {{sic}}), Adolf Bouwmeester / Louis de Bree (Doc Matthews), Jan van Ees (Mitch Mitchell), and [[Jan Borkus]] (Jimmy Barnett).

Director Léon Povel died just a few days after Charles Chilton, on 8 January 2013, at the age of 101 years. After his death, his youngest son Winfried Povel started recording the fourth series {{lang|nl|De terugkeer van Mars}} ({{langnf||Dutch|Return from Mars|links=no}})with professional actors and as a special guest the Dutch astronaut [[André Kuipers]]. The recording was much longer than the BBC version, at 2 hours 11 minutes, so the play was edited into four episodes (30–36 minutes each) and broadcast as a mini-series. It was broadcast in January 2014 by the [[KRO-NCRV]] as well on [[NPO Radio 5]] and repeated the same night on [[NPO Radio 1]].<ref>Dutch version of ''Journey into Space'': [[:nl:Sprong in het heelal]]</ref>{{Circular reference|date=April 2017}}

== Other related series ==
Chilton followed ''Journey Into Space'' with two other radio series – ''[[Space Force (BBC radio serial)|Space Force]]'' in 1984 and ''[[Space Force (BBC radio serial)#Second series|Space Force II]]'' in 1985 – which were based on a similar theme. Indeed, ''Space Force'' had originally been intended as a new ''Journey Into Space'' serial, following on from ''The Return from Mars'', until relatively late in the day, so its four central characters are clear 'doubles' for the ''Journey Into Space'' team. In the version that was actually recorded and transmitted, one character (Chipper Barnett) refers to his grandfather Lemmy.

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{BBC programme}}

The BBC releases of the three original series on CD and internet download are accompanied by 16-page booklets with text written by Andrew Pixley. These booklets provide detailed information about the series, and are available online:
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090325122618/http://www.audible.co.uk/journey/JIS-OpLuna16pp.pdf  BBC booklet for ''Operation Luna'']
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090325122620/http://www.audible.co.uk/journey/JIS-RedPlanet16pp.pdf BBC booklet for ''The Red Planet'']&nbsp; ([https://web.archive.org/web/20070928085150/http://media.venda.com/bbcshop/ebiz/bbc/images/JIS-RedPlanet16pp.pdf alternative link])
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090325122614/http://www.audible.co.uk/journey/theworldinperil.pdf BBC booklet for ''The World in Peril'']
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060527015901/http://media.venda.com/bbcshop/ebiz/bbc/images/audio/0563524898.mp3 Two-minute clip] of ''Operation Luna''
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040923154046/http://www.journeyintospace.co.uk/ www.journeyintospace.co.uk] – A website about the series 
* [http://www.zetaminor.com/reviews/book_reviews/journey_into_space.htm Zeta Minor CD Review: ''Operation Luna''] – A comprehensive review of ''Operation Luna'' and its new CD boxset
* [http://www.zetaminor.com/reviews/book_reviews/red_planet.htm Zeta Minor CD Review: ''The Red Planet''] – A comprehensive review of ''The Red Planet'' and its new CD boxset
* {{Discogs release|2822585}} Discogs entry for the 1955 45rpm version of the theme.

{{Space opera serials 1930–1960}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Journey Into Space}}
[[Category:BBC Light Programmes]]
[[Category:BBC Radio dramas]]
[[Category:British science fiction radio programmes]]
[[Category:Ancient astronauts in fiction]]
[[Category:Alien invasions in fiction]]
[[Category:Cryonics in fiction]]
[[Category:Fiction about time travel]]
[[Category:Fiction set in prehistory]]
[[Category:Fiction set in 1965]]
[[Category:Fiction set in 1971]]
[[Category:Fiction set in 1972]]
[[Category:Fiction set in 1973]]
[[Category:Fiction set in 1986]]
[[Category:Fiction set in 2013]]
[[Category:Fiction set in 2026]]
[[Category:Fiction set in 2079]]
[[Category:Prehistoric people in popular culture]]
[[Category:Fiction set on the Moon]]
[[Category:Fiction set on Mars]]
[[Category:Space opera]]
[[Category:Works about astronauts]]
[[Category:Works set in outer space]]
[[Category:1953 radio programme debuts]]
[[Category:1958 radio programme endings]]
[[Category:Future history]]